Study On Synthesis Of Tetrabutylammonium Iodide

Tetrabutylammonium iodide(TBAI)as an important cationic surfactant had been widely used in emulsification,disinfection,algae killing and polarographic analysis in the early days.It has been used as phase transfer catalyst recently and has a wide range of applications in organic synthesis.Besides promoting all sorts of chemical reactions effectively and improving the chemical reaction rate it is also used in in-situ synthesize reaction instead of iodine compound which is instable in chemical properties and very expensive.Firstly,a new kind of green synthesis method to the synthesis of TBAI has been studied and the optimum technology condition was explored in this thesis.TBAI was usually synthesized from n-iodobutane and tri-n-butylamine by quaterisation.The effects of solvent,reaction temperature,reaction time and raw materials composition on the yield of the product TBAI was studied.The molecular structure of TBAI was identified by the way of infared spectrum(FT-IR),mass apectrum(MS)and 1H nuclear magnetism resonance spectrum(1H NMR)qualitatively.The optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of TBAI are:ethyl acetate as solvent,molar ratio of tri-n-butylamine to n-iodobutane 1:1,reaction temperature 100??reaction time 24h and mother solution reused.Product yield can be achieved 90%through this method.The technological conditions can be applied to industrial production with the advantages of simple operation process,high purity of product and stable yield.Secondly,the sythetic process of benzyl benzoate by TBAI as phase transfer catalysis was studied in the paper.A lot of shortcomings for the traditional synthesis methods are overcomed,for example high cost in raw materials and low yield.The goals have be achieved,just like stable yield and high reaction rate and purity of product.The technique can be applied to industrial production with the advantage of simple operation process.Except that,a-acyloxy ethers can be synthesized with aldehydes and ethers using TBAI as catalyst and TBHP as the oxidant.The reactions are metal-free and environmentally benign oxidants and commercially available materials.This is a simple and straighforward methodology for the synthesis of a-acyloxy ethers.Finally,the industrial scale-up synthesis process of 200t TBAI was designed based on retrieving literature and experimental trial.The optimized production process was designed in detail and technological process was described.Different reaction and separation equipments were selected.