A Study About The Preparation And Performance Of Silica Carbon Black/Polymer Composites

Because of its excellent and unique physical and chemical properties,polymer materials are indispensable in the field of national economy and science technology.With the increasing of popularity and polymer-based materials' demand,society has begun to pay more attention to the sustainable application of raw materials.It is hoped that the concept of "eco-design" and "green product" will be applied to the manufacture of polymers to reduce the use of related petroleum products,and to maximizing the application of biomass-based materials,to reduce the amount of polymer in the product,to compensate the defects of the polymer itself to enhance product performance for meeting the special needs,so that the polymer material can really achieve the degree of industrial production.In this thesis,utilizing the uniform distribution of natural nano-silica in rice husk,silica carbon black(SiCB)material with uniform distribution of silica and carbon was produced by selective pyrolysis and directional pulverization of rice husk by the uniform distribution of natural nano-silica in rice husk.On the one hand,the basic physical and chemical properties and structure of the silica carbon black were explored,and compared with the silica and carbon black,the function and property of the SiCB were clarified,which provided the basic theoretical basis for the further development and application.On the other hand,this chooses the most common polymer products in the industrial and production life: natural rubber and polyethylene.The polymer composites are prepared by melt blending process and the performance is tested.The comprehensive analysis about the feasibility and advantages/disadvantages of the silica carbon black as a polymer filler is the theoretical basis and the research ideas for the future modification and optimization design.The results of the study are as follows:1.The silica-carbon ratio of the prepared silica carbon black product is 43:57,the specific surface area can reach 129.8m2/g,and the pore size is only about 2nm.It is possible to uniformly coat the carbon on the surface of the silica particles by ball milling,which not only improves the vulcanization rate,but also prevents the agglomeration of the silica itself and improves the dispersibility and compatibility of the filler in the polymer matrix.2.Adding silica carbon black as a rubber filler to natural rubber,when the number of filler loading is within 30 phr,the addition of silica carbon black does not reduce the tensile properties of the natural rubber itself,and the toughness and strength of the composite material can be improved at the same time.When the addition amount is 10 phr,the tensile strength of the composites reaches 12.7MPa,which is 81.4% higher than that of the unfilled SiCB.The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites prepared by ball milling and silane coupling agent were significantly improved.The combined effect of the two treatments was to increase the tensile properties to 18.36 MPa,which is 124% higher than that of the untreated SiCB.That is comparable to commercial fillers.3.The application of silica carbon black filler in tire industry to produce all-steel tread rubber,it found that the addition of silica carbon black makes all-steel tread rubber with the advantages of higher rebound(lower hysteresis),lower density,lower energy consumption,and faster curing.4.Silica carbon black with two kinds of particle size/polyolefin composites were prepared by injection molding.When the SiCB particle size is 58?m,the tensile strength reaches a maximum of 12.2 MPa when the filler loading is 30%,and increases by 13% when it is not filled.When the SiCB is pulverized to a particle size of 18?m,the filler loading is 50% and the tensile strength is up to 12.9MPa,20% higher than when not filled.In addition,the increase of the content of silica carbon black,the two kinds of silica carbon black/polyethylene composite materials' bending performance are enhanced,but the impact strength with the the amount of filling increasing gradually reduced.It was also found that the influence of size effect on the properties of the composites was more and more significant as the loading of the SiCB increased.5.The mechanical properties of the silica carbon black/polyethylene composites prepared by calendering were different.According to the orientation effect in the calendering process,the corresponding products were prepared according to the actual situation for the production performance requirements.