| Buffalo milk(BM)is rich in nutrients,and its nutritional value is much higher than that of cow milk(CM).In recent decades,studies on buffalo milk mainly focused on the analysis of its nutrients,and there is a little research about special function of buffalo milk.Mouse models were used in the present study.The motion experiments,behavioral experiments,physiological and biochemical experiments were performed for studying the anti-fatigue and anti-oxidation activity of buffalo milk,Moreover,the effects of buffalo milk on learning and memory function in aging mice were also evaluated.The objective of this study is in-depth study of the buffalo milk's special function,and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of buffalo milk as functional foods.The research methods and results were shown below: 1 Anti-oxidant activity of buffalo milkIn order to study the anti-oxidant effect of buffalo milk and the effects of different heat treatments on the anti-oxidant effects of buffalo milk,in this study,the mice were treated with D-galactose to establish aging mice.Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups(n = 10),Among them,one group(normal control group)was injected with physiological saline every day,then the other four groups were injected with 800mg/(kg.d)D-gal solution every day to establish aging mice,while providing drinking water(aging model control group),200mg/(kg.d)vitamin C(VC)aqueous solution(VC positive control group),pasteurized buffalo milk(pasteurized buffalo milk group)and high temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk(high temperature buffalo milk group),the mice drink freely for 8 weeks.At the same time,each group of mice eating freely and drink freely.After 8 weeks,the superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-P_x)activity and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in blood and liver were detected.Results: Compared with the normal control group,and the activity of GSH-P_x in liver and serum of aging model control group were significantly decrease(P <0.05),while the content of MDA were significantly rise(P <0.05).Pasteurized buffalo milk and high temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk can significantly(P <0.05)alleviate the slow weight gain caused by D-galactose,but the vitamin C aqueous solution does not have this effect(P>0.05).Pasteurized buffalo milk and high temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk can significantly(P <0.05)improve the activity of SOD and GSH-P_x in serum and liver of aging mice,and the content of MDA in serum of aging mice was significantly decreased(P <0.05).The activities of SOD in the serum and liver of mice in pasteurized buffalo milk group were higher,and the content of MDA was lower than that mice of the VC positive control group.Compared with the high temperature buffalo milk group,the activities of SOD and GSH-P_x in the serum and liver of mice in the pasteurized buffalo milk group were higher than those mice of the high temperature buffalo milk group,and the content of MDA was lower than that mice of the high-temperature buffalo milk group.Conclusion:(1)Under free drinking conditions,the anti-oxidant effect of buffalo milk is better than that of VC;(2)Anti-oxidant activity of pasteurized buffalo milk is more significant than high temperature buffalo milk.2 Anti-fatigue activity of buffalo milkIn order to study the antioxidant effect of buffalo milk and cow milk,and to analyze the effects of sex on fatigue.In this study,160 KM mice(Half of the male and female),then divided into eight groups(Male and female 4 groups).Each group provided water(normal control group),1000mg/(kg.d)taurine aqueous solution(positive control group),pasteurized buffalo milk(buffalo milk group),pasteurized milk(cow milk group),the mice drink freely for 4 weeks.At the same time,each group of mice eating freely and drink freely.After fed 4 weeks,the swimming time of mice,blood lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and the content of liver glycogen were detected.Results: Pasteurized buffalo milk can significantly(P<0.05)prolong the exhaustive swimming time of mice,decrease the content of serum urea nitrogen(BUN)and increase the activity of Lactic Dehydrogenase(LDH),but Pasteurized buffalo milk has not significant(P>0.05)effect on reduce the consumption of liver glycogen.Although pasteurized cow milk has a certain impact on these indicators,but the effect was not significant(P>0.05).According to the results from three indicators(the exhaustive swimming time,liver glycogen and Lactic Dehydrogenase).In general,the anti-fatigue effect on the female mice is better than the male mice.Conclusion:(1)Pasteurized buffalo milk has anti-fatigue effects,and cow milk although a certain impact on relief fatigue,but the effect is not significant(P>0.05).(2)The anti-fatigue effect of pasteurized buffalo milk on female mice was better than that of male mice.3 Effects of buffalo milk on learning and memory function in aging miceIn order to study the effects of buffalo milk on learning and memory function in aging mice,and effects of different heat treatments on this effect.In this study,the mice were treated with D-galactose to establish aging mice.Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups(n = 10),Among them,one group(normal control group)was injected with physiological saline every day,then the other four groups were injected with 800mg/(kg.d)D-gal solution every day to establish aging mice,while providing drinking water(aging model control group),1000mg/(kg.d)Piracetam aqueous solution(positive control group),pasteurized buffalo milk(pasteurized buffalo milk group)and high temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk(high temperature buffalo milk group),the mice drink freely for 8 weeks.At the same time,each group of mice eating freely and drink freely.After 8 weeks,the preferential index for the novel(PID)and Discrimination Index(DI)were detected in the Object Recognition Test(ORT)and Object Location Test(OLT),the total content of brain protein and the activity of antioxidant enzyme were determined.Results: Compared with normal control group,the aging model control group had a significant(P<0.05)decrease the preferential index for the novel(PID)and Discrimination Index(DI)in the Object Recognition Test(ORT)and Object Location Test(OLT).The content of protein decreased in the brain and MDA was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the activity of SOD,GSH-PX were decrease(P<0.05)in the brain.Pasteurized buffalo milk and high temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk can significant(P<0.05)increase the PID and DI in the Object Recognition Test(ORT)and Object Location Test(OLT).Pasteurized buffalo milk and high temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk can promote the synthesis and utilization of protein in brain,improve the activity of SOD,GSH-P_x and decrease the content of MDA in the brain of aging mice.To study effects of different heat treatments on learning and memory function in aging mice,in the Object Recognition Test(ORT),the preferential index for the novel(PID)and Discrimination Index(DI)of the high temperature buffalo milk group was higher than that of mice in the pasteurized buffalo milk group.In the Object Location Test(OLT),the preferential index for the novel(PID)and Discrimination Index(DI)of the pasteurized buffalo milk group was higher than that of the high temperature buffalo milk group.Conclusion:(1)the improvement of buffalo milk on learning and memory function was related to the enhancement of antioxidant capacity in the aging mice;(2)High temperature heat treatment of buffalo milk to improve non-space learning and memory ability is better,and pasteurized buffalo milk to improve the ability of space learning and memory is better. |
PDF Full Text Request