| Peanuts are planted worldwide,especially in Asia countries,and among them,China is the biggest producer.In China,annual production of peanut stems and leaves is about 100,0000 tons(dry weight),Therefore,high attentions should be addressed on its comprehensive utilization.In some Asian countries,peanut stems and leaves have used as a traditional herbaceous and special foods for years.In our country,the history of medicinal using can be traced back to Ming-hongwu period.And the treatment of insomnia,antidepressant and anxiolytic effects could be found in the famous pharmacopoeia such as "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica","Zhejiang medicinal plant dictionar" and "Chinese medicine dictionary".In recent years,many researches have been carried out focused on the sedative effect on peanut leaves and stems.However,the mechanism of these functions,material basis are not clear and efficient and for further it is insufficient regarding the research and development of the related products.Based on the current state of the peanut industry in China,the medicinal value and the research progress of peanut leaves and stems,the material composition,mechanism of its sedative effect and the development of the products of peanut leaves and stem extract were studied.A total of 287 compounds,among which 207 were identified for the first time in peanut species,in 8 major categories were screened of peanut leaves and stems extracts using high-resolution mass spectrometry and new data processing software.Meanwhile,the extraction efficiency of petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol was compared,and the optimum extraction solvent for different substances was determined.The result shows that the extraction efficiency of ethyl acetate was the best for alkaloids,steroids and glycosides.And for the other six substances(terpenoids,quinones,lignans,flavonoids and flavonoids etc.),petroleum ether performed best.Based on the analysis of the ingredients in peanut leaves and stems extracts,linalool,5-Hydroxy-4’,7-dimethoxyflavanone,2’-O-Methylisoliquiritigenin and ferula acid were assumed as the function factors according to the research basis and structural characteristics of the related substances.And the contents were determined as follows: 189.86 ppb linalool,114.75 ppm 5-Hydroxy-4’,7-dimethoxyflavanone,32.4 ppm 2’-O-Methylisoliquiritigenin and 44.44 ppm ferula acid.Simultanous ly,animal experiment was carried out according to the distribution of the four compounds in the system on the basis of the material screening of peanut leaves and stem extracts and the quantification of key bioactivities.The study mainly focused on animal behavior and brain neurotransmitters,such as the independent activities,the resistance of barbiturate or pentobarbital sodium,and the brain(brain,cerebellum,and brainstem)neurotransmitter levels.The results indicate that the above 4 bioactivities were the material basis of sedative effect of peanut leaves and stem.And also these 4 chemicals could significantly reduce the independent activity of test mice and inhibit the activity of bupropium Sodium acetate through 6 neurotransmitters in 4 signal pathways and thus promote the functional activity of sleep.Additionally,the study also developed a high efficient sleep promoting poducts which is of the form of tablets based on the study of the mechanism.The factors such as varieties and proportion of raw materials were studied,the mixing process of materials was optimized,the physical indexes of the products(tablet weight difference and disintegration time)and sensory index(shape,color,taste and hardness)were evaluated,and ultimately determined the optimal process for the production of PSL extrxts sleep-aided tablets: 30% starch pregelatinised,0.5% silica gel,0.8% ethanol and 5% magnesium stearate as auxiliary formulas,tabletting process with ethanol solution and pre gelatinized starch mixed with other raw material mixture consisting of mixed solution.The comfirming of the process has broken the situation in which the form of PSL products was single and unknown of the mechanism,and it also has far-reaching significance for comprehensive utilization of PSL and for futher affects the application of similar herbal medicinal plants. |
