Preparation And Properties Of Nano Energetic Composites Containing Nitrated Graphene Oxide(NGO)

The energy level of a solid propellant plays an important for the thrust of a solid rocket.Moreover,the energy release of the solid propellant has a decisive influence on the energy level.In order to obtain a highly energe tic solid propellant,adding combustion catalyst is an effective method to increase the energy release of solid propellant and the energy level.The undesirable reaction activity and catalytic performance of traditional combustion catalyst can not satisfy the demand of modern military industry already,so the nano energetic combustion catalyst begins to replace the position of the traditional combustion catalyst.The nano energetic combustion catalyst has a high reaction activity with a small proportion and abundant energetic functional groups,which lead a good catalytic performance.Nitrated graphene oxide(NGO),which has been prepared by our research group,shows favorable catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP)as a newly nano energetic combustion catalyst.But,the systematic research of catalytic property of NGO acted on other major monoplasmatic explosives in solid propellant is deficient.So,NGO as a nano combusition catalyst is respectively introduced into nitrocellulose(NC),hexogen(RDX)and octogen(HMX),which are the major monoplasmatic explosives in solid propellant.The catalytic properties of NGO for the thermal decomposition of the above mentioned three explosives have been studied.Main contents of the article are as follows:(1)The preparation and characterization of NGO.NGO was synthesized by nitrating graphene oxide(GO)with nitric acid and sulfuric acid,its structure and morphology was analyzed by elemental analysis,fourier infrared spectrometer(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),laser Raman spectrometer(Raman)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).Atomic force microscope(AFM)was applied to measure the thickness of NGO monolayer.The results indicate that N content of NGO is 1.58%,the thickness of NGO monolayer is 1.55 nm,and its microtopography is continuous transparent soft thin layer.—NO2 and O—NO2 mainly exist in NGO.(2)The preparation and characterization of NGO/NC nano energetic composites.NGO/NC nano energetic composites in different mass ratios of NGO were obtained via solvent-antisolvent method.FT-IR and SEM were brought to explore the structures and morphologies of NGO/NC nano energetic composites.Thermogravimentry-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC)and thermogravimentry-mass spectrometer(TG-MS)were applied to investigate the catalytic properties and mechanisms of the thermal decomposition of NGO/NC nano energetic composites.The results show that the structure of NC does not obviously change with the presence of NGO,and NGO/NC nano energetic composites possess a porous three-dimensional network structure.Moreover,the addition of NGO can observably increase the apparent decomposition heat and improve the thermostability of NC.When the addition amount of NGO comes to 1%,the apparent decomposition heat of NC raises from 339J/g to 2132J/g and the exothermic peak temperature of it increases from 201 ? to 213?.(3)The preparation and characterization of NGO/RDX nano energetic composites.NGO/RDX nano energetic composites in different mass ratios of NGO were prepared via solvent-antisolvent method.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and SEM were applied to investigate the structures and morphologies of NGO/RDX nano energetic composites.The properties and mechanisms of the thermal decompositions of NGO/RDX nano energetic composites were analyzed by TG-DSC and TG-MS.It can be proved that the crystal form of RDX i s not transformed while adding NGO,and RDX crystals are coated with NGO monolayers.NGO presents a favorable catalytic effect for the thermal decomposition of RDX.When the addition amount of NGO comes to 2%,the apparent decomposition heat of RDX increas es from 761J/g to 1651J/g and the exothermic peak temperature decreases from 246? to 226?.(4)The preparation and characterization of NGO/HMX nano energetic composites.NGO/HMX nano energetic composites in different mass ratios of NGO were prepared via solvent-antisolvent method.XRD and SEM were used to investigate the structures and morphologies of NGO/HMX nano energetic composites.The properties and mechanisms of the thermal decompositions of NGO/HMX nano energetic composites were analyzed by TG-DSC and TG-MS.The results indicate that HMX particle attaches to NGO monolayer,and the addition of NGO does not change the crystal form of HMX.It also demonstrates that the catalytic effect impacted on HMX would not be obviously improved by introducing NGO.When the addition amount of NGO is 1%,the apparent decomposition heat of HMX increases from 1686J/g to 1918J/g and the exothermic peak temperature decreases by 2 ?.