Investigation On Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution In Henan Province

As a major agricultural province,Henan is an important national modern agriculture production base,shouldering the important task of of building a central economic zone.With the transformation of the agricultural development mode,agricultural economy of Henan province has been rapid development,but caused the agricultural non-point source pollution.Analysising Temporal and spatial characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution in Henan,identifying the major areas and sources of pollution,understanding the influence factors and the will of the farmers to control the agricultural non-point source pollution,provide scientific basis for sustainable development of agriculture.Based in 18 cities in henan province,this paper,from agricultural fertilizer,livestock farming,rural life,crop straw and aquaculture,accounts for emissions and emission intensity of agricultural non-point source pollution,analyzes the trend of change in sequence,spatial distribution feature and source of pollution.through the way of questionnaire survey,this paper Understands the behavior of the farmers,the environmental awareness and the willingness to participate in the governance,analyzes the behavior factors and the willingness of payment.The main conclusions of the research are as follows:(1)The emissions of COD,TN and TP reduce from 172.38 million tons,81.64 million tons and 8.47million tons in 2005,to 147.23 million tons,74.05 million tons and 8.35 million tons in 2014.The emissions of COD and TN are decreasing,but the emissions of TP are growing.The equivalent standard discharged amount of COD,TN and TP were 736.13 billion m~3,740541 million m~3,and 417.669 billion m~3.The biggest emitters were TN,which accounted for 60.11 percent of total emissions,followed by TP,which accounted for 33.3 percent,while COD accounted for the smallest share,accounting for just 3.9 percent.(2)There were significant regional differences in the non-point source pollution.The areas with large emission intensity are located in the northeast of henan province.The emission intensity of Puyang is the highest in the province,followed by Shangqiu,hebi,Xuchang,Anyang,Luohe and Kaifeng,Xinyang has the lowest emission intensity.In the southwest,there are more hilly hills,and the cultivated land resources and population density are smaller than that of the northeast plain,Southern surface water resources are higher than in the north.Therefore the agricultural non-point source pollution is a major potential source of stress in areas with low water resources in the northeast.(3)The main source of COD is the discharge of livestock and poultry and the sewage and household waste of rural life,accounted for 33.56 percent and 46.88 percent of total emissions,aquaculture contributions are relatively small,at 2.28 percent.The main source of TN is agricultural fertilisers and livestock breeding,with an average of 36.37 percent and 32.25 percent,aquaculture contributed the smallest contribution to TN,with an average emission ratio of 3.19 percent.The main sources of TP are livestock breeding and agricultural fertilisers,with an average ratio of 39.73 percent and 35.75percent.,aquaculture contributed the smallest contribution to TP,with an average emission ratio of 5.05percent.(4)A survey of 18 households in 1720 areas of Henan Province,it was found that the farmers in daily life,excessive fertilization,unreasonable production sewage and garbage are directly responsible for agricultural non-point source pollution,farmers lack adequate awareness of agricultural non-point source pollution.The analysis of the behavior of the farmers and the willingness of payment was discovered that the behavior of the farmer's emission behavior is related to the individual characteristics of the farmer and the economic situation,the willingness of farmers to pay is significantly related to the characteristics of individual households,economic conditions and environmental awareness.On the basis of understanding the status of pollution discharge,emission intensity and source of agricultural non-point source pollution in henan province,analyzing the factors affecting the affected factors and the willingness of payment,propose the following policy measures:residents'living,livestock breeding,aquiculture and agricultural production.