Research On Degradation Of Deoxynivalenol In Bran Of Scabby Wheat By Extrusion Cooking

By choosing the bran of scabby wheat,DON in bran was degraded by extrusion cooking.The first study focused on optimizing the extraction parameters of deoxynivalenol in bran,the second study focused on the effects of extrusion parameters on the degradation rate of deoxynivalenol in bran.Besides,the effects of adding sucrose,glucose,sodium bicarbonate,sodium bisulfite on the degradation rate of deoxynivalenol in bran were studied,the changes of extruded bran quality were analyzed after adding sodium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite.The extrusion parameters of detoxification in bran were optimized through the orthogonal experiment.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)High performance liquid chromatography could be used to analysis qualitative,quantitative of DON in bran.The results of single-factor designs showed that the maximum recovery rate of DON was(94.32±0.14)% at the acetonitrile and water volume ratio of 80:20,(94.8±0.07)% at the material ratio of 15:100.Though the recovery rate was max at the extraction time of 5 min,we found that DON was full extracted at the extraction time of 15 min from the results of control group.The effect of shock time on the recovery rate of DON was not significant.Through the orthogonal experiment,optimum conditions of extracting DON in bran were as follows:the acetonitrile and water volume ratio was 80:20,the material ratio was 15:100,the extraction time was 20 min,the shake time was 60 s.(2)Extrusion offered an effective way to reduce DON in bran of scabby wheat,high barrel temperature,low raw material moisture content,low feeding speed–frequ-ency and screwing speed-frequency enhanced the degradation rate of DON in bran.The results of single-factor designs showed that the maximum degradation of DON was(11.96±0.07)% at the barrel temperature of 170 ?,(14.21±0.14)% at the raw mat-erial moisture content of 24%,(12.47±0.32)% at the screwing speed-frequency of 10 Hz,(14.56±0.35)% at the feeding speed-frequency of 8 Hz.(3)Adding sucrose,glucose,sodium bicarbonate,sodium bisulfite could improve the degradation rate of deoxynivalenol in bran.With the amount of the four substances increasing,the degradation rate of DON in bran increased,the degradation rate of DON in bran were higher by adding sodium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite.The degradation rate of DON in wheat bran was(23.71 ± 0.1)% after adding 5% glucose,(25.16 ± 0.07)% after adding 5% sucrose,(38.16 ± 0.07)% after adding 2.5% sodium bicarbonate,(80.37±0.27)% after adding 2% sodium bisulfite,no DON was detected in wheat bran after adding 5% sodium bisulfite.(4)The addition of sodium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite affected the quality of extruded wheat bran,the addition of sodium bicarbonate had greater influence on the quality of extruded wheat bran.With the addition of sodium bicarbonate increasing,the L* of wheat bran decreased,the ?E increased,the content of soluble dietary fiber increased,the total content of dietary fiber decreased,the content of protein decreased,the water soluble index increased,the water absorption index decreased.With the addition of sodium bisulfite increasing,the L* of wheat bran decreased,the ?E decreased,the content of soluble dietary fiber increased,the total content of dietary fiber decreased,the water soluble index increased,the water absorption index decreased.When the addition amount of sodium bisulfite was less than 2%,the change of protein content was not significant.(5)The degradation process of DON in bran of scabby wheat was optimized through orthogonal experiment.The results showed that the order of factors which influence the degradation rate of DON in bran was as follows: addition amount of sodium bisulfite > feeding speed-frequency > moisture content of bran> screwing speed-frequency> temperature of extruder barrel.The optimum conditions were as follows:the temperature of the extruder barrel was 170 ?,the moisture content of the bran was 24%,the screwing speed-frequency was 16 Hz,the feeding speed-frequency was 8 Hz,the addition amount of sodium bisulfite was 2%.The degradation rate of DON in bran was(86.13±0.03)% under the optimum conditions.