Functional Preparation Of Porous Carbon-based Materials And Its Adsorption To Removal Typical Pollutants In Water

Porous carbon material has been widely used in wastewater treatment as adsorbents due to its high specific surface area,abundant porosity and high corrosion resistance.However,there are a lot of limitations for porous carbon material in application,such as high cost,low adsorption capacity and long equilibrium time so on;it is difficult to achieve the standard of practical application.Currently,the development and modification of new porous carbon material has been a research hotspot.In order to deal with the complex of water pollution,in this paper,four kinds of porous carbon materials with good morphology and high adsorption capacity are prepared by combining the inherent advantage of porous carbon and different modification methods such as nitrogen doping,acidification and pyrolysis.The composition and structural properties of obtained materials are characterized by a variety of means,and the adsorption mechanisms of different types of water pollutants are discussed.The detailed work and results are as follow:(1)A series of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon(MCN)with different physical-chemical properties have been prepared by using SBA-15 as template.The adsorption capacity of methylene blue is used to optimize the synthesis of MCN.Results reveal that the nitrogen content of MCN can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of precursor;the specific surface area increase with increasing of temperature and then decrease,the largest special surface area can reach up to 667m2 cm-3.Moreover,the static adsorption process reveale the effect adsorption system on the adsorption process,and the relevant models are established to explore the adsorption mechanism.(2)A novel peanut shell-derived oxidized activated carbon(OAC)with high surface area is prepared by using peanut shell as raw material,zinc chloride chemical activation and subsequent nitric acid oxidation,respectively.The characterized results show that the surface area of OAC is1807 m2 g-1.More importantly,when OAC actes as an adsorbent,it exhibit high efficiency to remove various pollutions(Basic Blue 41,Congo Red,phenol,Cr(VI)and Pb(II))from aqueous solution due to its universality.It demonstrates that OAC has good adsorption properties for many different polltants.(3)A novel carbon aerogel has been synthesized from pomelo peel by hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis.Pomelo peel carbon aerogel(PCA)showes a low density,high porosity,hydrophobicity and selective adsorption for oils and organic solvents.The results suggest that PCA adsorb organic pollutants which is 23 ~ 48 times its own weight.The regeneration experiments demonstrate that PCA showes good prospects in removal of oils and organic solvents pollutants.(4)Nanocellulose is prepared from cheap and renewable bamboo as raw material.A low density,excellent hydrophobic and porous reduced grapheme oxide/nanocellulose hybrid carbon aerogel(rGO/NFC)is achieved by ethylenediamine induced gelation and post-pyrolysis from graphene oxide and nanocellulose.Compared with conventional carbon-based adsorbents,rGO/NFC exhibites high adsorption capacity(42-102 times its own weight)and fast adsorption rate for oils and organic solvents.The recycling experiment of ethanol adsorption-combustion reveal that rGO/NFC has excellent regeneration and reusability.