Preparation And Application Of PANI/N-doped Porous Carbon Under The Protection Of ZnO For Supercapacitor Electrode

With the diversification of energy demand and the need for environmental protection,the new energy storage device has become a focus of energy research.As a new type of storage device,the performance of supercapacitor is between traditional and traditional capacitors.The energy density of supercapacitor is greater than the latter and its power density is greater than the fomer.According to these,the super capacitor has the advantages and uses that the two do not have.So it is of concern to many researchers.Electrode material is a key factor in determining the supercapacitor,which is the focus of the study on supercapacitor.Currently,carbon materials and conductive polymer materials are two commonly used materials for the preparation of supercapacitor electrode materials.Polyaniline is the best conductive polymer for the preparation of supercapacitor electrode materials,but its cycle stability is poor due to structural damage during the charging and discharging process.Therefore,PANI is often synthesized with other materials to overcome this defect and carbon material is more commonly used options.Nitrogen-doped porous carbon material not only has the characteristics of large specific surface area and excellent pore structure,but also nitrogen doping can introduce many nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of carbon material which increase the wettability and pseudostability of carbon material,so that the specific capacitance of carbon material increase.Simultaneously,the structural nitrogen in the nitrogen-doped carbon material can improve the electrical conductivity of the carbon material,which is also beneficial for the preparation of the electrode material for the supercapacitor.In this paper,the electrode materials of supercapacitor were prepared by mixing polyaniline with nitrogen-doped porous carbon.In this paper,porous PANI was synthesized by solution-driven method in saturated sodium chloride solution.ZnO was coated on porous polyaniline by Chemical precipitation method.The N-doped porous carbon was prepared by the porous PANI which was used as the carbon source and nitrogen source.The porous carbon in concentrated nitric acid processed in concentrated nitric acid.Polyaniline / nitrogen doped porous carbon composites(CP)were prepared by in situ compounding under the conditions of hydrochloric acid doping.The structures of the materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman(Raman),BET test and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The cyclic voltammetry(CV),constant current charge and discharge test(GCD)and AC impedance test(EIS)were used to characterize the electrochemical properties of the prepared materials.The study confirmed that:(1)The porous PANI with special porous structure was prepared in a saturated sodium chloride solution by a relatively simple and environmentally friendly solution-driven method,which could be used as a raw material for the preparation of nitrogen-doped porous carbon.(2)ZnO was successfully coated on porous PANI by Chemical precipitation method,and ZnO had a good protective effect on the porous structure during the carbonization of porous polyaniline.ZnO-protected nitrogen doping porous carbon material C has a larger surface area and more excellent electrochemical performance than the carbon material Cnone without the protection of ZnO.(3)Polyaniline / nitrogen-doped porous carbon composites(CP)were prepared by in-situ polymerization using aniline and carbon materials with different mass ratios.It was confirmed that when the mass ratio of aniline to carbon was 5: 1,The polyaniline / nitrogen-doped porous carbon composites(CP5)have the largest specific capacitance,and the specific capacitance of CP5 is measured at 1A / g of 455 F / g.The cycle stability of CP5 and pure polyaniline was tested at 10 A / g for 800 cycles.It was found that CP5 retained 83% of the initial capacitance while the pure polyaniline retained 62%.CP5 has a small material resistance and diffusion resistance,which fully proves that polyaniline / nitrogen doped porous carbon composites(CP5)is excellent supercapacitor electrode material.