Determination Of Odorant Compounds And Antibiotics In Water Sample

Environmental micropollutants are characterized as extremely low environmental concentration and a wide range of sources,most of which are bio-accumulating and persistent with some of them are teratogenic and carcinogenic.Most micropollutants are in products that widely used in human daily life,thus research in micropollutants is one of the hottest topics in environmental field.The rapid and accurate quantitative analyses of micropollutants in environmental samples are important and challenge owing to their low concentration and various physicochemical properties.In this study,two kinds of important target micropollutants,odor compounds and antibiotics,have been selected,and efficient and validate analytical method have been established,which are applied to the monitoring of water samples.18 common odor compounds belong to industrial sources were selected as the target odor compounds,in which 2-chlorophenol,4-chlorophenol,and 2-bromophenol were included.Three analytical methods include online SPME-GC/MS,online SPME-GC/MS with on-fiber derivertization,and SPE-UPLC/MS/MS were developed and optimized,which were successfully all applied to surface water samples.Among the developed three analytical methods,each could simultaneously detect 9 or more odor compounds.The LOD of the three developed analytical methods were 0.002-0.100 ?g/L,8.82-42.9 ng/L,and 1.91⁶.17 ng/L,respectively.All the LOQ values of the target compounds were lower than those of their thresholds.The standard curves were also satisfactory with determination of coeeficients?R²?were over 0.989.In the study of antibiotics,four common sulfonamides?Sulfamethoxazole,Sulfapyridine,Sulfadiazine,Sulfamethazine?and their acetyelated metabolites which are their main metabolites in human body?N₄-Acetyl-sulfamethoxazole,N₄-Acetyl Sulfapyridine,N-Acetyl Sulfadiazine,Acetyl-Sulfamethazine?were selected.An effective,fast analytical method based on SPE-LC/MS/MS was developed.The LOD and LOQ of this method are 1.71-46.9 and 5.69-156.3 ng/L,respectively.The recoveries based on purity water and wastewater were 78%-113% and 56%-142%,respectively.The developed method were successful applied to detect the target antibiotics in municipal wastewater,except for N4-Acetyl-sulfamethoxazole which seriously influenced by matrix in wastewater.The above method was used to detected the influent and effluent of a wastewater treatment plant located in Guangzhou,and seven antibiotics were detected,and the concentration of sulfamethoxazole was highest with 124.1 ng/L?This study also estimated the consumption levels of four cities?Chongqing,Guangdong,Hong Kong and Beijing?in China,which based on their the concentrations in raw wastewater of the Chinese wastewater treatment plants published in science journal using sewage epidemiological method.The consumption levels of Chongqing,Guangzhou,Hong Kong and Beijing were 4.4?4.0?1.6 and 1.3 g/y/p,respectively.Calculating the remove efficient in theory of different antibiotics based on the values of K_bio and K_d for different antibiotics,their theoretical removals in municipal wastewater plants were calculated,which were compared with their actual remove efficiencies reported in literatures.With this work,the removal performances of various antibiotics in sewage treatment plant were thoroughly summarized and discussed.