The Study Of Ecological Vulnerability Evaluation In The East Part Of Junggar Basin Based On The “3S” Technology

Increasingly serious environmental problems caused by climate change on a global scale have been gradually being viewed by mankind,and environmental governance and protection have received increasing attention.In order to prevent the further deterioration of the natural environment,ecological vulnerability research has become a hotspot in the sustainable development research.In recent years,the state has further promoted the western development strategy,the western region's resource development and urban construction process has accelerated significantly,the scope of human activities continue to expand,but also to the northwest fragile ecological environment by unprecedented pressure.Resource development and environmental protection awareness of the weak,further reducing the ecological environment stability,resulting in such as soil erosion,soil salinization,land desertification and vegetation degradation and a series of environmental problems.The east part of Junggar basin is located in the eastern part of Changji,rich in coal resources.In the coal mining driven,the coal chemical industry has developed rapidly.Coal mining in promoting regional economic growth and rapid social development,but also undermine the local ecological environment.It is important to evaluate the ecological vulnerability of the east part of Junggar basin and the fragile cause of scientific analysis.It is of great significance for the formulation of government environmental protection policy and the sustainable development of regional economy.This article from the natural resources subsystem,the environment subsystem,the economic subsystem,the social development subsystem four aspects,The annual average temperature,annual precipitation,per capita arable land,vegetation coverage,soil organic matter content,slope,disturbance degree,potential ecological hazard of heavy metals,per capita GDP,per capita GDP of farmers,per capita disposable income;population density,basic education rate,The natural population growth rate of 14 evaluation indicators,The ecology vulnerability assessment system of the east part of Junggar basin was established,and the ecological vulnerability assessment was carried out in the study area.The weights of eachsubsystem and each evaluation index were determined by analytic hierarchy process.Finally,the eco-vulnerability evaluation model EVI of the study area was established according to the score value and weight of each index,and the ecological vulnerability of the eastern region was evaluated.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In the evaluation system of ecological vulnerability in the study area,the weights of the four subsystems were from natural to resource subsystem(0.4155)> Environmental Subsystem(0.2926)> Social Development Subsystem(0.1849)> Economic Subsystem(0.107).There are 8 evaluation index weights greater than 0.05,indicating that the eight indicators on the eastern region of the ecological vulnerability of large,in order from large to small order followed by vegetation coverage> population density> slope> disturbance degree> soil organic matter content> Per capita arable land area> per capita GDP> potential ecological risk of heavy metals.(2)The index of ecological vulnerability index in the east part of Junggar basin ranged from 0.2213 to 0.4847,with an average value of 0.3686.According to the grading standard,the ecological fragility of the study area is divided into five grades.EVI values less than 0.2 in the region of the ecological vulnerability level is potentially fragile,EVI value of 0.2 to 0.4 in the region is slightly fragile,EVI value between 0.4 to 0.6 for moderate vulnerability,EVI value between 0.6 and 0.8 for severe vulnerability Area,EVI value greater than 0.8 is extremely fragile.It is calculated that there are no potentially vulnerable areas,severe fragile areas and extremely fragile areas in the study area.Most areas are in a mild degree of vulnerability.Slightly fragile,moderate fragile area were 29218.38 km2,4455.97 km2,respectively,accounting for the total area of the study area 86.77%,13.23%.The vulnerability index of the slightly fragile area is larger,the area with low index is concentrated in the area of farmland and grassland,and the lower area is distributed in the unused land,urban area,desert and slope area.Moderate fragile areas are located in the study area with large terrain changes,slopes of large mountainous areas and coal mining,and factory areas.(3)In the study area,the fragility of Fukang City is the lowest,and the averagevulnerability of Qitai County is the same as that of the study area.The average vulnerability of Jimsar County is slightly higher than that of the study area.Jimsar County and Qitai County,the proportion of moderate fragile area is much higher than the Fukang City.The reason for the formation of moderate fragile areas is due to the high potential ecological hazards of soil heavy metals and the vulnerability of land use types due to coal mining and factory production.In addition,the fragility of terrain changes and landscape types is also the main cause of fragile ecological environment the reason.