Preparation,Characterization And Photocatalytic Application Of Indium,Tin Oxide Nanomaterials

In recent years,with the rapid development of economics and fast growing of population,the environment and energy problem are becoming more and more serious.Emission of wastes,especially waste water,from the oil refining,coal,textiles printing,dyeing and papermaking have caused great environmental pollution and destruction.Photocatalytic technology is a cheap,environmental friendly and effective solution to the current environmental pollution.Photocatalytic technology is simple,mild,easily controlled,and with little second pollution.It's a kind of prosperous and environmental friendly technology with high efficiency and stable performance.TiO₂,as the traditional photocatalyst,its fetal drawback is wide band gap of 3.2 e V,leading limited use of ultraviolet light with wavenumber below 380 nm,prohibiting its deployment of visible light.Besides,the photoinduced charge carriers are easily recomibed,which also restricts its photocatalytic activity.Therefore,it is imperative to research and develop of new kind of photocatalysts.In this paper,we firstly synthesized h-In₂O₃ porous spheres via a mixed hydrothermal method.By designing of experimental method and inspecting of experimental conditions,the best synthesizing conditions were determined.It is suggested that h-In₂O₃ porous spheres with 500 nm in diameter could be obtained by using water and ethylene glycol as the solvent and sodium citrate as the capping agent,under the condition of 200 ? for 16 h.By investigating photocatalytic properties,h-In₂O₃ porous spheres not only showed excellent performance for the degradation of rhodamine B,but also possessed good recycling stability.Secondly,we synthesized SnO₂/C₃N₄ composite catalyst via hydrothermal method.The structure and properties of composite catalyst were characterized by employing various methods,including X-ray diffraction?XRD?,Fourier transform-infrared spectra?FT-IR?,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy?XPS?,Scanning electron microscopy?SEM?,Transmission Electron Microscopy?TEM?and UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectra?UV-Vs DRS?.Results showed that there exist synergistic effect between SnO₂ and C₃N₄,which significant promoted the photocatalytic activity of C₃N₄.At last,the degradation mechanism of SnO₂/C₃N₄ composite catalyst under visible light was elucidated by designed experiments for the capture of free radicals.