Environmental Regulation,Different Sources Of Technological Progress And Industrial Environmental Efficiency

The United States Strategic Research Institute RAND Corporation research pointed out that China's environmental pollution costs close to 10% per year GDP in 2000-2010.Severe environmental problems have restricted the development of China's economy,and need to be guided by reasonable environmental regulation.The growth of economy needs the support of technological progress,and technological progress can also promote environmental protection.Due to different sources of technological progress have different effects on environmental efficiency,and the industries with different pollution levels have different response to environmental regulation.Therefore,in order to realize the coordinated development of environment and economy,it is necessary to study the impact of environmental regulation and technological progress of different sources on environmental efficiency based on the industry heterogeneity.Based on the Potter hypothesis,using 36 industries of China in 2005-2013 as the research sample.This paper divides the industry into cleaner production and pollution intensive,and refines the sources of technological progress.This paper constructs a dynamic panel model of environmental regulation,technological progress of different sources and industrial environmental efficiency,and uses the method of system GMM to test it.In order to distinguish the efficiency of DMU and solve the problem of the traditional DEA model,this paper uses the super efficiency SBM model with non expected outputs to measure the environmental efficiency.The results show that:(1)The environmental efficiency of the lag phase is significantly positively correlated with the current environmental efficiency,which indicates that the improvement of industrial environmental efficiency is a continuous process.(2)Environmental regulation can improve environmental efficiency,compared with cleaner production industries,the effect of pollution intensive industries is more significant.(3)Different sources of technological progress have different effects on environmental efficiency in China:(1)R&D can reduce environmental efficiency,environmental regulation can reverse the reverse effect of R&D,in contrast,the positive interaction effect between environmental regulation and R&D on environmental efficiency of pollution intensive industries is weak.(2)Technology purchase reduces environmental efficiency,in contrast,the positive effect of environmental regulation on technology purchase is more significant;(3)FDI reduces the environmental efficiency of China's industries,compared with cleaner production industries,the inhibition effect of FDI on environmental efficiency of pollution intensive industries is more significant.Environmental regulation can guide FDI to improve the environmental efficiency,compared with the pollution intensive industries,the positive effect of cleaner production environment is more significant;(4)International trade promotes the environmental efficiency of cleaner production industry,with the not significant correlation,and significantly reduces the environmental efficiency of pollution intensive industries.The interaction between environmental regulation and international trade promotes the environmental efficiency of cleaner production industry,but reduces the environmental efficiency of pollution intensive industries.Finally,the paper puts forward that we should set up a reasonable environmental regulation policy on the basis of the industry heterogeneity,and improve the environmental efficiency by guiding technical progress.