The Assessment Cave's Tourism Carrying Capacity With Framework Of Analysis Of Tourism Scenarios Onto Vulnerability Maps

As a unique underground space,tourism cave has the characteristics of low environmental capacity,high eco-sensibility,weak antijamming capability and poor stability.In the planning and development of cave resources,tourism capacity is a key parameter for cave protection and management.It is also the guarantee of sustainable development of cave tourism.In the context of more and more caves being developed into tourist destinations,tourism development and tourism activities lead the cave environment to great variation.Simultaneously,with the rapid growth of tourism demand,tourists' requirements for the ecological environment are getting higher and higher.So,how to scientifically measure the cave tourism capacity and maintain the stability of the cave environment,become the subject of urgent research.Located in the Wulong District of Chongqing,Furong cave is the world natural heritage,the national 5A-class tourist attractions.Because of the diversity of cave sediments,Furong cave can be regarded as a cave sedimentary Museum,which has great tourism value and scientific research value.During the tourism-peak season,the influx of tourists,make a certain degree of destruction of the cave environment,intensify the weathering of cave sediments,reduce the value of landscape and scientific research.In the implementation of the concept of green development and leading the construction of ecological civilization requirements,how to scientifically measure the tourism capacity of Furong Cave,achieving the object of scientific protection and management of the cave,taking into account the tourism development and the cave environmental protection,which is of great practical significance to the sustainable and healthy development of Furong Cave.First of all,based on the construction of tourism cave environmental vulnerability index system,carry out furong cave's field research;And using of expert evaluation method,grey correlation method,initialization and other methods to quantify the indicators,calculate the environmental vulnerability,assessment of Furong cave's environmental vulnerability.Secondly,using the interview method,taking into account the interests of tourists,managers and community residents,researcher can obtain the relevant data of the main elements of the tourism scene,and use the scenario analysis method to construct and analyze the tourism scenes of Furong Cave.Finally,based on the analysis of tourism scenarios and the assessment of vulnerability maps,the tourism capacity of Furong hole is measured.The results show that:(1)Furong cave's natural environment is very fragile,and nearly half of the cave region is extremely fragile state,especially in the depths of the cave.Under the influence of tourism activities,the Furong cave's artificial environment is extremely vulnerable and about half of the area is in a highly severe and severe vulnerable state,only the vulnerability of area near the cave's entrance is lower.The total vulnerability of Furong cave is also extremely high.In terms of average vulnerability,most studied area is highly vulnerable.For maximum vulnerability,the whole area of Furong cave is in high vulnerability except the art gallery.The vulnerability of Furong cave's environment is closely related to the distance from the opening gate,the farther the distance from the opening gate,the higher the vulnerability of cave environment.And the environment is more fragile,where tourists spend more visiting and do more tourist activities.Yet,in a certain extent,effective management weakens the environment vulnerability of Furong cave.(2)Furong cave has 4 tourism forecast scenario,"restrict tourism,reduce development","do not make adjustments,maintain the status quo","priority protection,moderate development","increase investment,vigorously develop" respectively.Among them,the "priority protection,moderate development" scenario requires a reasonable and appropriate development of Furong Cave.Without lowering the quality of the cave landscape,perfect the transportion and infrastructure,enrich the tourism products,improve service quality,realize the green development and sustainable development.Because this scenario gives attention to economic,social and environmental benefits,it is a reasonable ideal tourist scene.It includes five scenes,of which scenes 1,2,3 for a reasonable tourist scene.The study shows that the application of scenario analysis in cave management and development is feasible,which can provide a scientific foundation for tourism planning and decision-making.(3)Superposing the analysis of tourism scenarios onto vulnerability maps,further adjust the tourism scene,and then choose a reasonable tourist scene.With the participation of cave experts,environmental experts and cave managers,reasonable planning tourism scene is made.Through the calculation,the Furong cave's daily tourism capacity is 920 people.(4)To achieve sustainable development,Furong cave should strengthen the cave monitoring work,pay more attention to the environmental vulnerability;establish the tourism environmental monitoring and build monitoring and warning mechanisms for the tourism carrying capacity;continuously improve the management level of the cave,perfect the green development supervision system;attach importance to ecological and environmental,improve policy and legal.