Land Degradation Research Based On RS

In recent years,with the rapid economic and social development in China,the problem of land degradation caused by increasing demand for mineral resources and urban land expansion has become increasingly prominent.Among them,land degradation represented by mining areas is the most serious.Remote sensing has the advantages of large-scale and continuous monitoring,and GIS analysis has the ability to mine hidden spatial information.The combination of the two can solve the problems of difficulties in data acquisition in traditional land degradation research and the lack of capacity for spatial information mining.This paper takes Shendong and Zhungeer mining areas as research areas,uses multi-source remote sensing surveys and GIS spatial analysis techniques to investigate the land degradation factors in the study area from 2012 to 2017,and analyzes the evolution law of land degradation based on this.To propose targeted land restoration governance.The main conclusions are as follows:1.The results of five-year changes in land use types indicate that the maximum extent of land use change in the two mining areas occurred between 2012 and 2014;in the rate of land use change,the Zhungeer mining area is faster than the Shendong mining area,and the former has the largest annual rate of change.27.44%,the latter is 3.67%;in the transfer of land use,the maximum transfer capacity of the Shendong Mining Area is 2171.6 hectares,which is mainly due to the transformation of solid wastes to the mining area.The maximum transfer amount of the Zhungeer is 393.7 hectares,mainly for the stope.Digging damage to solid waste.2.The monitoring results of the five-year subsidence show that there are 40 collapses in the Shendong Mining Area and 9 in the Zhungeer Mining Area;the lengths of the collapse belts in the two mining areas are mainly concentrated between 1km and 2km,and the width is mainly concentrated in the range of 0.15 km to 0.2km.At the depth of collapse,Shendong Mining Area is mainly concentrated between 2m-4m,Zhungeer Mining Area is between 6m-8m,and the number of collapsed belts and the cumulative length of the strips ascend on the whole during the monitoring period.3.The use of Sentinel No.2 data to investigate and analyze water pollution in the study area reflects the impact of coal mining and land degradation on water bodies.The results show that coal mining activities are the main cause of water pollution in mining areas,the main pollutants are coal dust,and the Shendong Mining Area is more serious than the Zhungeer Mining Area.4.Comparative analysis of the land degradation and evolution rules in the two mining areas shows that the land degradation process in the Shendong Mining Area showed a trend of “increase(2014)—decrease—re-increase(2017)”,and the land degradation process in the Zhunge'er Mining Area showed an increase.(2015)—Decrease-re-increase(2017)trend,the Zhungeer mining area is about one year later than the Shendong mining area at the time node of the process change;and the study of the land occupation destruction rate shows that the mining area is underground Compared to open-pit mining,the impact on land destruction is much smaller.