Study On The Division Of Fiscal Power And Expenditure Responsibility In Air Pollution Control

In recent years,a large area of fog and haze phenomenon as a representative of the air pollution caused widespread concern.The generation of air pollution is the result of the interaction of many factors,and its governance needs not only the main role of the enterprise,but also the extensive participation of the government departments.Better play the role of government in pollution control cannot do without the fnancial support of all levels of government departments,how to coordinate the tasks and responsibilities in pollution control,reasonable arrangements for expenditure obligations and protect the good performance of financial governance is an important topic worthy of study.However,at present our country in the air pollution control in the financial system arrangement is not reasonable,there are some obvious problems,which seriously restrict the atmospheric pollution in the process of our country,this paper starts the analysis of fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities in air pollution problems,and trying to from the practice and experience of relevant countries,put forward to further improve the relevant institutional arrangements of the policy recommendations.Finally,this paper attempts to divide the fiscal responsibility and expenditure responsibility in the micro level from the point of view of the implementation of the pollution emission source governance and other collaborative policy instruments.The government should take part in the prevention and control of air pollution.On the one hand,the atmospheric environment pollution are typical examples of external economy,environmental pollution as an important part of the enterprise which brings the social costs of production,is often ignored by enterprises,and this will lead to a series of environmental pollution problems;on the other hand,the typical nature of atmospheric environmental governance achievements with the public in a certain extent,which determines the market is likely to "market failure"in providing clean air in.Therefore,it is necessary for the government to actively intervene in the atmospheric environment protection and governance.At present,there are mainly two kinds of policy instruments for environmental governance,one is command policy,and the other is economic stimulus.Among them,the means of economic stimulus can be further divided into the means of environmental taxes and subsidies and the means of emission trading according to the theoretical basis of the economic stimulus.Effective support for the effective implementation of this series of policies cannot do without the financial system,but our country is in the air pollution control in the financial system there are many unreasonable arrangements,the relevant financial division of powers and expenditure responsibilities.There are still many problems,embodied in the following aspects:first,the principle of territorial governance under the massive the management mode resulting in low efficiency of the financial system;secondly,the environment supervision powers over down lead to frequent violations of local government;thirdly,the local environmental protection departments are lack of funds,sewage charges of illegal use of the phenomenon;finally,the emission trading in local protectionism,higher levels of government lack of coordination supervision.These problems have affected the effectiveness of the implementation of China's environmental policy instruments,and it is imperative to optimize the relevant financial system arrangements.So,study the relevant national governance in the atmosphere in the financial powers and expenditure responsibilities arrangements,we found that these countries generally adopted the "central government supervision and guidance of the local government,the implementation of specific" mode.Specific analysis can be summed up the following features:first,the environmental protection department of architecture is less common in the countries,generally not more than three and showed a flat trend;secondly,the main function of environmental monitoring and environmental monitoring and other centralized at the state government level,the grass-roots government is the right thing for state government;thirdly,correlation country specific pollution behavior of environmental taxes,income attributable to the main part of the local government,earmarked for the local pollution control activities open up financial resources,finally,in the inter regional pollution control,the central government of the extensive participation of some countries to set up the organization with cross regional nature.Combined with the relevant national experience and existing problems in China,from the following four aspects optimization of air pollution control in China's fiscal system arrangement:first of all,the environmental protection department compression framework to implement vertical management system;secondly,taking the environmental monitoring,environmental monitoring things right,relevant funds into higher budget;thirdly,strengthen sewage charges collection use,improve the environmental budget expenditure system;finally,strengthen the provincial and central government in cross regional pollution control function of responsibility.The optimization of the financial system embodies the clear division of the fiscal responsibility and the expenditure responsibility in the specific affairs.Air pollution control can not be separated from the comprehensive treatment of the sources of pollution emissions,but also inseparable from the comprehensive application of energy,industry,transportation,science and technology,publicity and education and other coordinated policies and means.In the end,this paper attempts to divide the related powers and expenditure responsibilities into specific fields and links in depth,so as to provide some reference for concrete practice.