The Impact Of Foreign Direct Investment On China’s Environmental Pollution

With the development of worldwide economic activities,environmental problems have become increasingly prominent.Now this issue has become the focus of economic and political issues in various countries.The United Nations held two climate conferences in 2009 and 2010 to discuss the global environmental problems.Among the many pollutants that affect the environment,carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas,which has a very important impact on the global climate change,so the attention of countries to carbon emissions is increasing.At the United Nations Conference on climate change,many developing countries,especially our country,have been blamed by many developed countries for the pollution caused by carbon dioxide emissions to the world environment.They said they would impose "carbon tariffs" on their imports of high carbon emissions by 2020.Under the double pressure of environmental crisis and carbon tariff threat,China has gradually realized the importance of building an environment-friendly society and improving the level of ecological civilization,and has taken corresponding measures.On the other hand,since reform and opening up,China will inevitably introduce a large number of advanced technology FDI in order to achieve economic development.Although the introduction of foreign investment has made a certain contribution to the economic development of our country,it has also made our country undertake a large number of high carbon emissions industries which are restricted or eliminated in developed countries,and the development of these industries in our country will inevitably increase the carbon emissions of our country.In order to solve this problem,this paper combines China’s carbon emissions with foreign direct investment,and uses a variety of methods to study the impact of foreign direct investment on China’s carbon emissions.In order to promote the industrialization upgrading of foreign direct investment and reduce China’s carbon emissions,some useful countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.On the basis of previous research,this paper studies the relationship between foreign direct investment and carbon dioxide emissions from two aspects of theory and demonstration,and carries out an overall and regional analysis.Using the time series data of 1997-2016 years and the panel data of 1997-2015 years at the inter provincial level,this paper takes the amount of foreign direct investment FDI as the core explanatory variable,the total amount of carbon emission TPF and the unit carbon emission UTFP as the explanatory variables,the GDP of each region’s GDP,the STRU of the regional industrial structure level,and the trade of each region.The open degree OPEN is regarded as the control variable,and it is expected to give a similar conclusion with reality.Specific methods are unit root test,cointegration analysis,error correction analysis,panel data Hausman test and fixed effect regression method.The test results show that although foreign direct investment will improve the overall carbon emission level in China to a certain extent,it will help to reduce the level of carbon emissions in our country,and the influence coefficient of foreign direct investment enterprises on carbon emissions from natural gas consumption is the largest,which shows that foreign investment is relative to domestic capital in a certain range.From the perspective of different regions,FDI will increase carbon emissions in the central and western regions and reduce carbon emissions in the eastern region,and the overall impact of foreign direct investment on carbon emissions is less than the impact of regional GDP on carbon emissions.Therefore,in a comprehensive way,the simple "hypothesis of pollution heaven" and "the pollution halo hypothesis" are not comprehensive.In the environment and development,we must look at it historically and combine it with development.Finally,according to the results of the empirical study,this paper puts forward some ideas and suggestions on how to further introduce foreign investment and optimize the structure of foreign capital to make use of foreign investment.