| In order to detect trace amounts of hydroquinone（HQ）and catechol（CA）in environmental pollutants,a series of porous carbon materials were designed to prepare nano porous carbon electrochemical sensors for the detection of organic pollutants,HQ and CA in the environment.The experimental results show that these electrochemical sensors can be applied to the determination of HQ and CA in real water samples with high sensitivity and low detection limit.The electrochemical sensors constructed have good stability,reproducibility and anti-interference ability.The main contents are as follows:1.Surface decoration of carbon materials with metal nanoparticles is expected to realize improved electrode materials for electrochemical sensing applications.To distribute gold nanoparticles uniformly into porous biochar,a facile pyrolysis approach was developed.Dracaena sanderiana was first soaked in an aqueous solution of HAuCl4 as a precursor and then pyrolysed under a nitrogen atmosphere at high temperatures.The morphologies,structures,and properties of the gold nanoparticle-decorated biochar（Au-NPs/BC）nanocomposites were characterized by variouselectronmicroscopy,spectroscopic,andelectrochemicalmethods.As-synthesized Au-NPs/BC nanocomposites possessed high porosities,large specific surface areas,and excellent electrical conductivities.Moreover,the preparative strategy was facile and cost-effective.The Au-NPs/BC nanocomposites for electrochemical sensor（Au-NPs/BC/GCE）to simultaneous determination of HQ and CA,very low detection limits（in the nanomolar range）and high sensitivitieswas realized.What s’more,the Au-NPs/BC/GCE has good stability,reproducibility and anti-interference ability.2.Sodium citrate-derived three-dimensional（3D）interconnected porous carbon（3DIPC）materialis successfully synthesized through an easy and one-step pyrolysis reaction without templates and substrates.The structural characterization reveals that the 3DIPC materials are formed by ultrathin nanosheets with porous structure.The thickness of the nanosheets is about 1.5 nm.Moreover,the nanosheets of 3DIPC material are nonoverlapping interconnected and connect to each other to form a complicated 3D framework,whichfinally form a carbon foam.Such unique structure made 3DIPC material has considerable practical application prospect.To demonstrate its potential application,it was used as an electrode material for simultaneous determination of HQ and CA.Under the optimal condition,very low detection limits（HQ/CA:0.021/0.037μM）and high sensitivities(HQ/CA:15.42/13.58 A·M-1·cm-2)were achieved.And the 3DIPC-700/GCE electrochemical sensor has good reproducibilityand stability.3.A method is proposed to support the macroporous metal skeleton porous electrode materials,in order to solve the problem of porous materials（such as MOF,porous carbon）provides a new way of thinking and the problem can not be a good contact electrode;put forward a method of etching a template and precursor mixtures were prepared with special pore structure and high specific surface area porous carbon,this method has a certain degree of extensibility,good application prospect.The above method was used to build hierarchical porous carbon（HPC）filled with three-dimensional ordered macroporous gold（3DOMAu）modified glassy carbon electrode（HPC/3DOMAu/GCE）electrochemical sensor as an example.The HPC/3DOMAu/GCE for the determination of HQ and CA.Under the optimal condition,very low detection limits（HQ/CA:0.01/0.02μM）and high sensitivities(HQ/CA:33.52/31.83 A·M-1·cm-2)were achieved.And The 3DIPC-700/GCE electrochemical sensor has high selectivity,repeatability,and good stability. |
