A Research Of The Carbon Emission Accounting In China

The threat of air pollution is becoming more and more urgent.For the better development of contemporary and later generations,all countries are constantly seeking ways to reduce and control the air pollution.Under such a low carbon economy,energy saving and environmental protection era,as one of greenhouse gas emissions,carbon emission is widely discussed,and the concept of carbon emissions right has also emerged.With the deepening of the discussion at home and abroad,people began to introduce carbon emission rights into market transactions and try to use the market economy to solve the pollution problem.With the negotiation and signing of the International Convention on climate change,China is also working hard to harness the ecological environment,promote greenhouse gas emission reduction,and build up the carbon emissions trading market.As a reflection of carbon emissions trading matters,carbon emissions trading accounting,which comes from the environmental accounting is parallel with the development of the emission market and gradually forming a system,and providing support for the carbon emissions trading.In 2016,the Ministry of Finance in China issued the Interim Provisions on accounting treatment for carbon emissions trading pilot(Draft for comment)(later referred to as "draft"),which is the first time that China has discussed the carbon emission right into the accounting system from the perspective of the government.This thesis used the method of literature analysis to comb the research status both at home and abroad,there still remains controversial view about the asset side of accounting recognition,measurement and disclosure of the carbon emissions,which is the starting point of this thesis.Since most of the trading markets in China and abroad have adopted the Cap-and-Trade mechanism,the pilot transactions in our country are also mainly based on this,this thesis chooses to discuss accounting problems in the Cap-and-Trade mechanism.It selects the accounting norms of carbon emissions in the US and EU,to explore the reasons for their differences and the direction for the improvement of China’s carbon emission accounting standards.On this basis,this thesis puts forward the necessity of establishing a unified accounting standard for carbon emission in our country,and then considering the current situation of the current carbon emission trading market development in China,it analyzes the meeting of the opinion manuscript itself for the end of the carbon emission assets in the light of the requirements of the quality of accounting information.The thesis finds out that there is still a need for improvement in recognition,measurement and disclosure,and attempts to make relevant recommendations: First,in the aspect of accounting recognition,it believes that carbon emissions rights should be recognized as assets according to the quality requirements of accounting information which is substantially heavier than form.However,in order to avoid inflated assets and liabilities,it is necessary to make additional confirmation when performing the contract.Second,in the aspect of the subsequent measurement of accounting,this thesis combines China’s current carbon emissions trading market situation,considers that the fair value fluctuation of carbon emission rights reflects better in the other comprehensive income for the reliability and comparability quality of accounting information.Third,in terms of accounting disclosure,it considers the relevance information for regulatory departments,and further unifies the contents and forms of disclosure inside and outside the table.The innovations in this thesis are as follows: First,the thesis analyzes the draft based on the requirements of the accounting information quality in the process,and from the current situation of China’s carbon emission trading market point of view,it emphasizes the importance of high quality carbon emission accounting information to the policy-making department;Second,in order to avoid the virtual increase of assets and liabilities,this thesis puts forward a method of supplementary confirmation on the premise of recognizing the condition of the carbon emission right to meet the asset confirmation condition,to complete the accounting processing trail.The shortcomings of this thesis are as follows: first,it mainly discusses the accounting confirmation,measurement and disclosure for the asset side of carbon emissions,lacks the discussion on the accounting problems at the end of the debt.Second,it focuses on reliability and lacks the consideration of the timeliness quality for the supplementary confirmation of free quota carbon emission rights performance.This thesis helps to improve the accounting standards for carbon emissions and provides some reference for the accounting practice of carbon emissions.