| China is a large country in the world of walnut cultivation and production.The content of distracting wood resources is huge,but there are few research reports on distracting wood at home and abroad,which greatly limits the value and use of this resource.At present,a small amount of research on distracting wood is mainly focused on chemical composition and pharmacological activities.The biological activity of distracting wood flavonoids has increasingly become a hot topic of research.Flavonoids have antioxidant,anti-radiation,and anti-aging effects,and have important implications for the prevention and treatment of human cancers,cardiovascular diseases,etc.They have been widely used in medicine,food,and cosmetics industries.Existing studies mostly use ultrasonic method to study the extraction process of total flavonoids in Walnut pericarp.However,ultrasonic extraction method has many disadvantages such as long extraction time,low extraction efficiency,high energy consumption,and damage to cell structure.Therefore,the study focused on the effect of ultra-high pressure on the extraction yield of total flavonoids from distracting wood,and determined the content of flavonoids in walnut by centrifugation using dissolving wood and licorice.Honeysuckle and honeysuckle are used as raw materials to develop a compound plant herbal tea with functions of detoxification,thirst-quenching,and fire-extinguishing,which aims to provide reference for the development,utilization and production of distracting wood resources.The specific research content and results are as follows:(1)Extraction of flavonoids from Walnut Pericarpium L.by ultra-high pressure and its kinetic modelUsing walnut distracting wood as raw material,response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction of total flavonoids in Walnut centellae at ultra-high temperature under normal temperature and a kinetic model was established.On the basis of single factor,the Box-Behnken design was used to study the influence of various factors and interactions on the extraction yield of total flavonoids.At the same time,according to Fick's first diffusion law,the kinetic equation of extracting the total flavonoids from distracting wood with ultra-high pressure was established.The results showed that the optimal parameters for the response surface optimization were as follows:ethanol volume fraction 62%,pressure 385 MPa,holding time 9 min,solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g/m L).The rate of acquisition was 12.31%,which was basically consistent with the model predictions.The correlation between the predicted value of the kinetic model and the actual value was good,and the coefficient of determination R~2was 0.9875.Compared with traditional extraction methods,ultra-high pressure extraction can significantly shorten the extraction time and reduce energy consumption while increasing the yield of flavonoids.(2)Simultaneous determination of three flavonoids in different types of distracting wood by HPLCAt present,there is no report on the simultaneous determination of quercetin,catechin,and naringenin content by high performance liquid chromatography in the determination of the effective components of distractions and total flavonoids.In this paper,three kinds of common walnut species as the study object,using ultra-high pressure extraction,the establishment of its determination of high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection method.The results showed that the selected mobile phase gradient elution conditions are stable and the separation effect is good.There are certain differences in the content of quercetin,catechin,and naringenin in different walnut varieties.The contents of quercetin,naringenin,and catechin in No.1 walnut seedlings were slightly higher than those in other areas.This may be related to the growth environment,picking time,and individual differences.The assay method used in this paper is easy to operate.Fast,high sensitivity,good stability,suitable for determination of quercetin,catechin,and naringenin in Walnut distracting wood.(3)Study on the technology of clarified distracting wood composite plant herbal tea beverageHerbal tea is a type of beverage that has the functions of clearing heat,detoxifying,quenching thirst and so on.Taking Walnut distracting wood,licorice,honeysuckle and other plants as raw materials,the optimum technological conditions for producing distracting wood compound plant herbal tea beverages are discussed.The effects of key technologies such as extraction and clarification on the quality of herbal tea were studied by single factor and orthogonal experiments,and the preparation conditions of herbal tea were optimized.The results showed that the double enzyme combined with enzymatic clarification method had the best clarification effect on the herbal tea,and the light transmittance was 93.5%.The optimum technological conditions of the herbal tea were:40%wood for distraction,12%liquorice juice and honeysuckle juice.%,citric acid 0.04%,?-cyclodextrin 0.03%,acesulfame 0.02%,cyclamate 0.06%.The herbal tea beverage produced under this condition has golden color,clear and transparent,stable quality,harmonious flavor,and unique flavors of distracting wood,licorice and honeysuckle. |
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