| Okra seed contains unsaturated fatty acids,which has an important effect on the human body,and its nutritional value is very high.Okra seed oil is widely welcomed as a high-grade edible oil.In this paper,the solvent extraction method and aqueous enzymatic method were both used to study the extraction process of okra seed oil.The advantages of these two methods are that the protein in okra seeds is not destroyed,and the gas chromatography was used to determine the fatty acid composition,which provide a theoretical basis for the promotion and application of okra seed oil.Leaching method was used to study the effects of ether,n-hexane,ethyl acetate and acetone on oil yield of okra seed oil.Ether was determined as the best solvent for extraction.The ratio of material to liquid,extraction temperature and time were seleted as the Single factor experiments,three factors.On the basis of three single-factor experiments,use ether as the solvent,and okra seed oil as response value,to do response surface analysis.The optimum process conditions were: the ratio of material to liquid was 1:16,the extraction temperature was 29?,extraction time was 6h,and the predicted value of oil yield was 38.08%.The yield of okra seed oil was used as the evaluation criteria in the aqueous enzymatic extraction.The effects of feed-liquid ratio,enzymolysis time,and enzymolysis temperature on the oil yield ofokra seed oil were investigated using the Response surface analysis.The results indicated that: the best extraction effect is that he ratio of material to liquid is 1:7,the enzymolysis temperature is 60?,the enzymolysis time is 5 h,Under these conditions,the oil yield is up to39.87%.The fatty acids in Okra Seed oil obtained by organic solvent extraction and pectinase were determined by gas chromatography.The difference of main fatty acids in Okra Seed Oil Extracted by two methods was analyzed by external standard method.The results showed that C16:1,C18:1,C18:3(9,12,15),C20:5 and other unsaturated fatty acids were contained in the oil of pectinase,while C18:1,C18:3(9,12,15),C20:5 and other unsaturated fatty acids were contained in the extraction oil.In addition,the quantitative analysis shows that the content of unsaturated fatty acids C18:1,C18:3(9,12,15)and C20:5 obtained by the two methods are different,and the content of these main fatty acids in the oil extracted by pectinase method is 11.5,2.4 and 1.9 percentage points higher than that obtained by solvent extraction.Finally,the technology of decolorization,degumming and deodorization of Okra Seed oil was improved and promoted.The relationship between sodium chloride,sodium citrate three,citric acid,water and other electrolytes of Okra Seed oil was compared and analyzed.The effect of temperature on the degumming effect was analyzed together.The decolorization conditions of Okra Seed oil were studied by using activated carbon and active white clay.Finally,the conditions of deodorization were optimized.The results showed that the optimum temperature for degumming of Okra Seed oil was 75 degrees centigrade according to the ratio of oil to citric acid 100:7.The way to weaken the odor of Okra Seed Oil is alkalization.The decolorizing agent 4 had the best decolorization effect after adding 4% of the oil mass,25 min and 30 R3.1 of decolorization,and the odour fraction value was 76 at Y30 R3.1.The effects of different deodorizing conditions on the acid value,peroxide value and fatty acid of Okra Seed oil were very significant.In general,with the prolonging of deodorization time and the increase of deodorizing temperature,the content of trans fatty acids increased significantly,while the acid value,peroxide value and total phenol content decreased. |
PDF Full Text Request