Study Of The Influences Of Unfavourable Geological Structure To The Geological Disasters In The Tunnel

With the shift of the national strategic center and the need of economic growth, a lot of money, mechanical equipment and human resources have been put into the construction of highway tunnels, railway tunnels and water diversion tunnels etc.,since 21 th century. However, tunnel construction is difficult to control, its quality and safety is also difficult to control. The researcher make a detail study of the geological disasters, resulting from the geological structures in the finished and building tunnel,trying to get the common regulations. The regulations will be the introduction to the similar engineering and protect the safety of human and property from the trouble and damage.According to the classified analysis of the different phenomena of geological structure, we want to learn about the potential problems resulting from the tunnel construction through the different geological structures. The joint fracture zone during the tunnel construction could cause many geological disasters, such as the surrounding rocks deformation, collapse, and water burst etc.Potential problems caused by the folds during the tunnel construction:(1) Rocks deformation and collapse owe to the fracture zone through the core of anticline.(2)Different kinds of water burst. Such as the water burst from the water body cutting the core of anticline, water burst from the water-bearing structures cutting the syncline,water burst from the faults cutting the syncline and other water-bearing structures.(3)Different kinds of collapse of different reasons. Such as the collapse owe to the surrounding rocks deformation nearby the faults cutting the folds and the faults in the interlayer.(4) Karst geological disasters due to the construction in the karst region,such as the water burst, sand burst, and debris flow etc.Potential problems caused by the karst during the tunnel construction:(1) Water burst, mud burst and sand burst.(2) Debris flow in the tunnel.(3) Collapse because of surround rocks deformation.(4) Surface collapse and surface water drying up resulting from the above reasons.Potential problems caused by the fault fractures zone during the tunnel construction:(1) Compressive fault zone: Surround rocks deformation, collapse,water burst, and debris inflow in the tunnel.(2) Debris flow in the tunnel.(3)Collapse because of surround rocks deformation.(4) Extensional fault zone and surrounding: Surround rocks deformation, collapse, water burst.