Analyzing Characteristics And Influence Factors Of Serious Casualty Traffic Crashes In China

In recent years, the trend of road traffic safety in China is generally stable, but extraordinarily sever road traffic crashes occur from time to time, which lead to huge loss of human life and property. At present, the characteristics and influence factors of traffic accidents have been investigated domestic and overseas, but the researches usually place emphasis on ordinary accidents. There are no profound study of whether serious fatal crashes have special feature of distribution, more complicated mutual relation between the influence factors in comparison to ordinary traffic accidents. The in-depth research on characteristics and influence factors of road traffic accidents with at least 10 fatalities and its risk behaviors has important theoretical value and practical meaning to improve relevance and effectiveness of accident prevention.The serious casualty accidents data and ordinary accident statistical data between 2009 and 2014 were collected from the Annual Report for Road Traffic Accident released by the Ministry of Public Security of China. Firstly, SPSS was used to analyze characteristics difference between general accidents and extraordinarily sever road accidents, from the aspects of human behaviors, road characteristics and environmental factors. The correlation of variations and accident frequency was also analyzed in this chapter. Secondly, to investigate the interdependency of influencing factors to serious fatal traffic crashes in China, the association rule mining technique was further applied to identify how the road users behaviors, vehicle conditions, road characteristics and environmental contribute to the crashes. Then, the paper set up fault tree model of sever road accidents and give out the way of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Finally, recording to the research results, the paper tried to put forward some suggestion of effective policy initiatives and engineering countermeasures for the transportation angency.In conclusion, the drivers involve with extraordinarily sever road accidents are more likely experienced drivers, especially on the highway road. Whereas the less experienced drivers put themselves in risks of fatal crash if they speeding driving. Adverse weather condition, speeding driving and overloaded vehicles are the primary contributing factors to serious casualty crashes, moreover, these factors often arose concurrently. Besides, serious casualty crashes were more likely occurred after 6 p.m., but more attention should be focused on the 2 p.m. on the highway road.