| With the continuous development of nuclear energy, more and more artificial tritium release quantity, dominated the source of tritium in the environment.Occurring in the process of nuclear power plant operation and spent fuel reprocessing contain tritium waste cannot be handled through the regular system of "three wastes",mainly in the form of gaseous, liquid radioactive waste emissions into the environment. Tritium after being absorbed by human body tissues and organs can cause internal radiation to human body harm, serious impact on human health, and so on tritium emissions monitoring management and control in the environment, to reduce exposure in professional personnel, to reduce the radiation levels around the plant and is vital to ensure the safety of the health of the residents around. By liquid scintillation method in this paper in the process of nuclear power plant operation emissions of tritium measurement, the measurement process quality control, and estimate result of tritium environmental radiation level, for the nuclear power plant effluent of tritium caused by radiation hazard evaluation and provide reference for further radiation protection.For the evaluation of a nuclear power plant emissions of tritium degree of impact on the environment, for nuclear power base in the surrounding area for gas, liquid effluent, tritium monitoring and monitoring of surrounding tritium in biological samples. Research shows that: stage 1, 2 plant factory emissions of radioactive waste of tritium month average concentration has no obvious regularity, the measured results were similar, during the period of nuclear power plant operation, about equal to the release of tritium in the environment. The nuclear power plant emissions of radioactive effluent into the environment at a steady rate of release of tritium, and with the increase of the migration distance, tritium concentration decreases gradually.The environment surrounding the nuclear power base of tritium although specific activity is higher, but still within acceptable range.For the evaluation of a nuclear power plant emissions of tritium of radiation dose caused by professionals and the public, in this paper, combining with the plant base of tritium concentration in the environment surrounding the measurement results and the relevant data of radiation dose estimation. Research has shown that breathing is lead to plant pro tritium to illuminate the main way, in which HTO tritium in the form of radiation dose on the staff took the largest share. Professional personnel in addition to the work time, at the time of rest and sleep will also through the way such as breathing and skin absorb a certain amount of tritium, however due to this part of the tritium internal radiation dose is anything but ignored. The nuclear power plant pro tritium personal annual dose of 1.63 μ Sv is far lower than the value of exposure dose in radiation protection, which indicates that the nuclear power plant for professional personnel in the tritium exposure radiation protection measures taken are effective.Due to the nuclear power plant emissions to the environment tritium leading to nuclear power base of the tritium concentration in the surrounding environment is higher than other areas, however, because of the tritium emissions caused by the public are internal radiation dose is very small, nuclear power plant nearby residents of tritium average annual radiation dose is 0.86 mu Sv, less than 1% of the target value of nuclear power plant in dose, the impact on the residents health caused by almost can be ignored. To sum up, when the normal operation of nuclear power plant is discharged into the environment tritium radiation level is low, the environmental impact is not big. |
