Study On Synthesis And Properities Of Nanometer Metal Composite Powders

Metal powder is the main fuel in solid propellant and the main Energy provider.The energy and combustion performances of propellant are related to the metal diameter,and the smaller the metal diameter is,the better the combustion performance will be.Nanometer metal alloy powder not only has the properties of metal and alloy,but also has the properties of nanometer powders.Nanometer metal alloy powder shows good use properties in many fields and has important research value in propellant.In this paper,the synthesis of nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder and their effects on the decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB propellant are study.This study is important to improve the properties of propellant and search for the new promoter for propellant combustion.(1)Nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder were synthesized by chemical reduction methods and their structure was also determined using XRD、SEM、ICP.The optimal synthesized conditions for nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder were also studied.Nanometer FeCu alloy powder had the FeCu alloy structure and nanometer NiCu composite powder was the mixture of Ni crystal and Cu crystal.They were basically globular with average diameter 60 nm and had good dispersion.(2)The effects of nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder on the decomposition of AP were studied with by thermal analysis.Results showed that the second thermal decomposition temperatures of AP were clearly decreased by nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder and the DSC heat releases of AP were also obviously enlarged by them.These results showed that nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder had good catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of AP.(3)There were not obvious influences of the adding amount of nanometer alloy powders on their catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of AP.The composition of nanometer FeCu alloy powder and NiCu composite powder were related to the influence on their catalytic effect,and their catalytic effect was best as the ratio of Fe and Cu was 1:1 and the ratio of Ni and Cu was 6:4.(4)Nanometer FeCu alloy powder and nanometer NiCu composite powder obviously decreased the thermal decomposition temperatures of AP/HTPB solid propellant and clearly enlarged its DSC heat releases,showing good catalytic effect.(5)The mechanism of catalyzing the thermal decomposition of AP is as follows: a.metal oxider acts as the intermedium in the process of election transfer;b.There were some reactions between metal elements in alloy with the decomposition products.C.Nanometer composite powder had obvious surface effect.