| Guangdong Qingyun Forest Park, possessing preferable forest vegetation landscape, good ecological functions and relatively high landscape degree, is a suitable place for visitors' recreation and their recognition and feeling of nature. In this article,Guangdong Qingyun Forest Park is taken as the research object, the vegetation landscapes of which are classified; Analysis were conducted on the patch characteristics, patch spacial relationships and landscape heterogeneity of each type of landscape; the application of vegetation landscape pattern to the landscape planning of forest park was also analyzed.The research results indicated that:In the light of the plant species and main reasons that vegetation landscape is formed in Guangdong Qingyun Forest Park, 7 types of vegetation landscape that are falling into 55 vegetation landscape patches in total were classified, which are broad-leaved forest, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, coniferous forest, artificial forest, bamboo forest, farmland and bare land. Among these, the area of broad-leaved forest is 1068.59 hm2; as the matrix of the whole forest park, the broad-leaved forest occupies the largest proportion in the vegetation landscape area, holding 71.46%. The areas of vegetation landscapes of coniferous forest(94.85 hm2), mixed broadleaf-conifer forest(91.16 hm2), artificial forest(81.60 hm2),bamboo forest(71.90 hm2), farmland(68.56 hm2) and bare land(18.74 hm2) decrease one by one. That all of the indexes of broad-leaved forest were at relatively higher levels indicated that broad-leaved forest vegetation landscape patches contribute most to the whole forest vegetation landscape and play an important role in the landscape vegetation's energy flow, material exchange and information transmission.Analyzed from the angle of patches' spacial relationships, the value of connectivity among vegetation landscapes of the same types is relatively low, and except the broad-leaved forest which has highest connectivity, the other types of vegetation landscapesare scattered in the forest park. High degree of aggregation indicates good connectivity among vegetation landscapes of different types. Researched in the aspect of stratification of landscapes in the entire forest park, the landscape heterogeneity in this research scope is relatively low, and the types of vegetation landscapes are remarkably differentiated. In this forest park, broad-leaved forest is the matrix, and coniferous forest, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest and bamboo forest, etc. are intensively scattered in the vegetation landscape. Although the vegetation landscapes in Guangdong Qingyun Forest Park is unevenly distributed, the whole of them were controlled by a small number of landscape types and possess a relatively low heterogeneity. However, since broad-leaved forest has a large area and high ecological functions, the low heterogeneity did not reduce the stability of vegetation landscape pattern.In accordance with relevant regulations of the forest park planning, the functional sub-areas of the forest park are: Core Landscape Area, Ecological Preservation Area, Public Recreation Area and Management Service Area. Broad-leaved forest, as the main vegetation landscape type, is planned as the main Core Landscape Area and Ecological Preservation Area due to preservation and restoration functions of vegetation of these two areas, since broad-leaved forest is vulnerable to damage despite its sound stability and powerful capability of anti-interference. As important vegetation types in natural forest,coniferous forest and mixed broadleaf-conifer forest are importantly influential to species and energy diversities, then some of them must be protected and restored and classified into the Core Landscape Area and Ecological Preservation Area. While artificial forest,farmland and bare land have large degree of human disturbance and damage degree, so they will be taken as the main ecological service area and transformed into Management Service Area and Public Recreation Area for visitors to go sightseeing, rest and take necessary daily life measures. The bamboo landscape pattern has strong heterogeneity, high damage degree and poor ecological function but is adequate for sightseeing, therefore this area will be planned and constructed as Public Recreation Area.For purpose of better preservation and restoration of vegetation landscape and creation of more beautiful environments for visitors to enjoy, the forest park's vegetation was accordingly transformed. The vegetation transformation area is mainly in the PublicRecreation Area, in which the coniferous forest and plants around the reservoir were transformed; the total area is about 101.52 hm2, in which llex rotunda, toona sinensis,sapium sebiferum, azalea and other flowering and fruit plants were planted for use of both diversifying landscape and adding more beauty to the landscape. Concerning the road transformation in the forest park, flowering plants such as michelia alba, magnolia denudata and michelia maudiae belonging to magnolia family and ornamental plants such as sapium sebiferum and acer palmatum are adopted.This research is used for providing some references in the forest park's landscape planning, transformation and business running and possesses certain reference significance. |
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