The Reserve Capacity Assessment And Frequency Regulation Control Strategy Of LED Lighting Loads

Power system frequency is an important index to describe the balance betweengeneration and load,traditionally relying on the generation side to provide reserve for frequency regulation.With the requirements of environmental protection,energy conservation and sustainable development,the structure of the installed capacity of the system has undergone significant changes.The proportion of renewable energy sources especially the photovoltaic and wind power generation increases significantly,so the ability of the system providing reserve declines.At the same time,the cost of large-capacity thermal power units to provide reserve is increasing.Therefore,relying only on the generation side is not sufficient to complete the regulation of the system frequency.Consequently,this also gives rise to a great concern about the potential of the load side providing reserve.As a new generation of lighting technology,LED lighting has been promoted globally which has bright prospects.With dimming characteristics,it can be completed in a very short period of time to adjust the power of LED lighting loads without affecting user’s satisfaction so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the frequency.The electricity consumption of lighting loads accounts for about 20%of global electricity consumption,therefore,it is believed that the lighting load has the potential to provide reserve.In view of the current quantity of the LED lighting loads,market penetration forecast of lighting loads based on Markov chain is proposed,and the number of LED lighting loads in the next few years is assessed quantitatively.Although a single LED lighting load provides a limited reserve,the reserve provided by a huge number of lighting loads will be considerable.In order to simplify the power aggregation of LED lighting loads,the LED lighting loads are classified based on the working characteristics,and the Monte Carlo method is used to aggregate the classified LED lighting loads.On the basis of aggregating the power consumption of LED lighting loads,considering the customer satisfaction and lighting standards,the paper puts forward the reserve mechanism of LED lighting loads.A polynomial model is established to describe the relationship between reserve capacity and influencing factors.A variety of factors are extracted to carry out a large number of experiments and acquire relevant data,and the regression model is analyzed by SPSS.The analytic expression of the multiple linear model is obtained and the accuracy of the model is verified by error analysis.Finally,on the basis of LED power aggregation the obtained model is used to calculate the maximum reserve capacity.The LED dimming control must be completed and the control strategy should be proposed in order to achieve the LED lighting loads participating in primary frequency regulation.The LED driver and dimming circuit are designed and the PWM dimming of LED is achieved through the simulation.Based on the frequency control model of the system,the frequency control model with LED lighting loads participating is proposed.The frequency characteristic of a single LED lighting load is designed with reference to the frequency characteristic of integrated load.Given the difference between indoor lighting control and the characteristic of a single LED,the ANN is used to describe the mapping relationship between the dimming level of the indoor lighting and the illumination of the working surface.Based on the reserve mechanism of LED lighting loads,the optimal control theory is used to realize the optimal indoor lighting control.According to the designed LED lighting loads frequency characteristics,the control strategy of LED to participate in the frequency regulation is proposed.The simulation is carried out and the effectiveness of LED lighting loads to participate in the frequency regulation is verified.