Network Equilibrium Models With Considering The Driving Behavior Of Battery Electric Vehicles

Battery electric vehicles(BEVs)have enjoyed fast-growing adoption in recent years,thanks to the concern about climate change,the advancement of battery technologies and expeditiously rising prices of crude oil.However the limited driving ranges,the scarcity of recharging stations and potentially long battery recharging or swapping time inevitably affect route choices of drivers of BEVs,those early adopters of BEVs do endure the inconvenience.Although the government has published a series of policies to increase the electric vehicle charging infrastructure development,and the improvement of battery energy storage technology and battery of quick charge technology is increasingly mature,it seems that these factors will continue to affect the driving behavior of BEVs in the near future.First,this paper,based on the driving behavior of BEVs,is established network equilibrium models with considering the driving behavior of BEVs.Second on the basis of the first model,considering the reservation charge service,this paper established network equilibrium model with considering the reservation charge service of BEVs,Finally,on the basis of the first model,in combination with the practical situation of mixed traffic of the network traffic,this paper constructed network traffic equilibrium model with considering gasoline vehicles and BEVs mixed network traffic.The equivalence of three mathematical models and solutions existence have carried on the proof,and solution algorithms are proposed to solve these models.Numerical examplesare presented to demonstrate the models and solution algorithms.