Research On Driver's Injury And Protection Based On Minivan Accident Reconstruction

With the development of China's economy,the maintain of minivan is increasing drastically in the economically underdeveloped areas and the corresponding accident rate also showed an upward trend year by year.Since the minivan body structure is thin and the energy and buffer zone travel is shorter,it often results in vehicle occupants' serious casualties.Therefore,it is very important to explore the occurrence rule of minivan,the mechanism of occupant damage and its protective mechanism.As the starting point of minivan front collision accident,this paper has studied the minivan driver damage mechanism and its protection for the vehicle safety design with the usage of finite element analysis and simulation technology to provide a reference basis,which is of great realistic economic and social significance.The main research methods and conclusions are as follows:First of all,the in-depth investigation and analysis of minivan accident was conducted and determined its characteristics and laws.The results show that,in the road type and the accident location distribution,the city road is the main,accounting for 74%,the incident is linear part of the straight section,accounting for 86%;From the casualties of the passenger,the van and truck accidents resulted in the most serious casualties,accounting for 45.3% of the total.Therefore,this paper conducted accident reconstruction of the minivan and truck crash case.Secondly,according to the result of accident investigation,the most common van model of the accident database is selected,and the finite element model of the minivan is created and verified.The accidental reconstruction technology and the finite element analysis software are used to deal with the case of the van reconstruction.The micro-van quality increase curve,energy curve,vehicle deformation,the driver dynamic response process and other results are extracted to verify the results of the reconstruction.The simulation results show a high accuracy from the stability of the simulation model,the deformation of the vehicle,the process of the vehicle during the collision,which means the next step can be analyzed.Thirdly,we construct the minivan-THUMS passenger finite element model to simulate the boundary condition to reconstruct the human body injury process.After extracting the equivalent stress of the driver's skull,rib and lower limb,the damage of the head,chest and lower limbs risk are predicted,which is also compared with the actual injury.The results showed that the damage index of the driver's skull and chest ribs exceeded the damage limit of the human body,which was consistent with the conclusion that the driver died of chest and abdominal organ injury and craniocerebral injury in the case.Finally,according to the reconstruction of the accident case and the damage of the occupant,this paper analyzes the cushioning and energy absorption measures of the vehicle structure,the rear collision bar of the truck,the preloaded limit type safety belt and the limited force energy consumption pedal.The results of the analysis show that the standard installation of the rear collision bar of the truck,the use of the pre-tightened seat belt and the limitable energy-absorbing pedal can reduce the damage of the occupants at various degree.Accordingly,safety precautions for the relevant occupants is proposed and the traffic safety risks is pointed out to provide support for vehicle improvement and call on everyone to improve traffic safety awareness.