Research On Rear Passenger Injury In Small Offset Collision Conditions

The ultimate goal of car crash safety research is to reduce or avoid the harm of pedestrians and passengers.The car has been in existence for more than 130 years.With the continuous popularization of cars,the problem of road traffic accidents has become more and more serious.In road traffic accidents,small offset collisions are severely injured and difficult to solve.It is of great practical significance to carry out research on safety technology of rear passengers under small offset collisions based on road traffic accidents.This paper first studies the basic methods and theories of in-depth investigation of road traffic accidents.Based on the UAV technology and 3D reconstruction technology,a rapid acquisition method of vehicle information on the accident site is established,which can collect the digital three-dimensional information of the accident vehicle with high precision and multi-dimensionality.From the accident case database,124 accident cases of small offset collisions of passenger cars were compiled in the past six years,in which small offset cases of small ordinary cars accounted for 67%.Through the research case,it was found that there were many cases in which the rear passengers were seriously injured.in the case of similar collisions,the rear passengers of the vehicles with larger rear passenger spaces were more seriously injured.An in-depth analysis of two classic cases was conducted.In this paper,the finite element simulation software is used to establish a small offset collision simulation model based on the accidental case of the China Insurance Automobile Safety Index,including the establishment and matching of the THUMS human finite element model and the seat model.According to the results of finite element simulation,the effectiveness of the small offset collision simulation model is verified from four aspects: energy,mass,vehicle deformation and passenger injury.Based on the small offset collision model with validity verification,the position of the rear seat of the vehicle model and the position of the THUMS human finite element model are adjusted based on the accident case to achieve the purpose of increasing the rear passenger space.And based on the passenger's head and chest injury,the credibility of the vehicle finite element simulation model was verified.The passenger injury of different passenger spaces was studied,and it was found that the passenger of the vehicle with a larger rear passenger space had a later contact with the left rear door window of the vehicle and the B column on the left side of the vehicle.The key injury indicators of the passenger's head and chest are larger.The maximum value of the passenger's head chest injury occurs when the head and chest collide with the B-pillar.By adding a seat belt to the passenger restraint system,it was found that the passengers of different rear space vehicles did not always contact the vehicle interior,the B-pillar and the front seat during the entire movement of the collision.After using the seat belt,the passenger's injury is significantly reduced.The passenger's limbs with smaller passenger space are in contact with the front seat earlier,resulting in less head and chest injury.By comparing the performance of the head and chest injuries when the passenger uses the seat belt and the unused seat belt,it is found that the risk of death of the passenger is greatly reduced after the seat belt is used.The head and chest injury values of the passenger with a larger passenger space are reduced more,and the use of the seat belt is more effective for the passenger protection of a vehicle having a larger passenger space.