Research On Difference Of Hazard Perception Ability For Construction Workers

The mechanism of hazard perception is the first line of defense to prevent accidents and protect personal safety.However,the current research on the hazard perception for construction workers is relatively scarce.In this paper,the related issues are explored preliminarily from the perspective of difference.(1)The basic theory of hazard perception for construction workers is combed in this paper.Research shows: The hazard perception ability for construction workers consists of hazard sense ability and hazard cognition ability.At the same time,the effect of hazard sense will be different due to the different degree of target stimulus to workers and different workers have different hazard sensitivity.In addition,different workers have different hazard perception styles and relults to the same hazard target.In this regard,the paper can analyze the difference of hazard sense ability and hazard cognition ability to explore the differences of hazard perception ability for construction workers,the details are as follows:(2)The paper analyzes the differences of hazard sense ability for construction workers from 2 aspects: the difference of search characteristics and the hazard susceptibility.The specific research process and important conclusions are as follows:1)Exploreing the basic characteristics on construction workers' hazard search by eye movement test experiments.Research shows: Hazard search performance in closed,high-hazard,frequent,visual,highlight,complex scenarios are better than in open,low-hazard,occasional,fuzzy,dim-light,simple scenarios,which shows that workers have higher speed and higher efficiency in information extraction for hazard targets.2)This paper simulates the stimulating effect of hazard targets for workers by computer simulation experiments and tests the workers' sensitive degree of different hazard targets by eye movement test experiments.Research shows: Workers' stimulation degree of hazard targets in open,high-risk,accidental,fuzzy,highlight,complex scenarios are stronger than closed,low-risk,simple,intuitive,dim-light scenarios.Workers' sensitive degree of hazard targets in open,high-risk,accidental,fuzzy,highlight,complex scenarios are stronger than closed,low-risk,simple,intuitive,dim-light scenarios.Workers give priority to target-oriented mode when searching hazard targets in closed,low-risk,accidental,intuitive,highlight,simple scenario,while giving priority to task-oriented mode in open,high-risk,frequent,fuzzy,dim-light,complex scenarios.Workers' hazard targets searches in close,frequent,intuitive,dim-light,complex scenarios search are better than in open,accidental and fuzzy,highlight,simple scenarios,which shows search results have higher accuracy,smaller degree of sensitivity of deviation and interference of hazard search.Region of interest of hazard target search mainly focus on the middle of the sight area.(3)The paper uses psychological measurement to analyze the differences of hazard cognition ability for construction workers from 2 aspects: accident characteristics and demographic characteristics.Research process and important conclusions are as follows:1)The difference of hazard cognition for construction workers from the perspective of accident characteristics.Research shows: The accident hazard score is positively correlated with the severity of accident consequence.The degree of deviation for hazard perception is negatively correlated with the severity of accident consequence.Construction workers' hazard sensitivity is negatively correlated with the possibility of accidents.For low-hazard accident,the hazard score is negatively correlated with the degree of deviation for hazard characteristics.For high hazard accidents,the hazard score is positively correlated with the hazard characteristics,and the degree of hazard perception is negatively correlated with the severity of accidents.2)The difference of hazard cognitive for construction workers from the perspective of demographic characteristics.Research shows: Hazard sensitivity and experience accumulation are approximate ‘U' shaped curve.Hazard cognitive bias has negative correlation with experience accumulation.Hazard cognition level has positive correlation with experience accumulation.Hazard sensitivity has positive correlation with workers' cultural quality.Hazard cognition bias has negative correlation with workers' cultural quality.Hazard cognitive level has positive correlation with workers' cultural quality.Hazard sensitivity has positive correlation with working scenarios.Cognitive bias has negative correlation with working scenarios.Hazard cognitive level has positive correlation with working scenarios.Workers with a little experience are prone to representative cognitive bias.Workers with rich experience tend to availability bias and overconfidence bias.Workers with abundant experience are prone to attributional bias and overconfidence bias.Workers with low cultural quality are prone to representative cognitive biases.Workers with high cultural quality are prone to overconfidence and attributional bias.Workers would be more prone to hazard cognition bias when in bad working scenarios.