Life Cycle Assessment Of Quayside Crane And Carbon Emission Accounting In Production Stage

As a large port machinery product,Quayside Crane?QC?plays a key role in the international port trade.China is the world's largest crane manufacturing and exporting country,with the increase in orders and size of QC,some problems such as resource consumption and environmental pollution brought by the production of QC has gradually emerged.However,the traditional terminal processing method is not suitable for the sustainable development of environment,society,economy and resources any more.Life Cycle Assessment was a newly developed tool for environmental management and analysis,it is an effective way to evaluate the environmental impacts generated by a product or process.Therefore,it is urgent to adopt the method of Life Cycle Assessment to carry out a full range of scientific assessment of QC,to guide the green design of the quayside products.In this study,a typical quayside crane exported to Dubai was selected as the research object,the inventory collection of the whole life cycle process from the raw material to the abandoned stage of this product was carried on to build an evaluation model,then,the Ga Bi 6.0,a LCA software was applied to turn the raw data into some quantitative environmental impact indicators,finally,the key link of environmental pollution is analyzed and the suggestions for improvement are put forward.The whole life cycle of this QC is divided into five parts for comparison,specifically,the steel production stage,the QC production stage,the transportation stage,the service stage,and the abandoned stage.It is found that the energy consumption of the QC is the most serious pollution source during the service stage,the sensitivity analysis results show that if the use of power consumption reduced by 5% in the service stage,the total pollutant load indicators of climate change,land acidification and fossil energy consumption will be reduced by 4.16%,3.84%,4.18% respectively.In addition,the adjustment of energy structure in this phase can also have a greater impact on the results,according to the scenario analysis,If the wind power and hydropower can be used more widely,some environmental problems such as fossil energy consumption,particle formation cut and climate change that caused by traditional thermal power will be reduced sharply.The linear regression analysis is conducted on the steel recovery ratio which is the only factor beneficial to the reduction of the environmental pollution,and by doing that,the relationship between the reduction rate and the corresponding index can be determined.The production phase of the target enterprise is analyzed in depth,and the whole process of each part is tracked and studied,the inventory data is refined to different functions of the workshop,and the Life Cycle Assessment with the internal production as the system boundary was carried out.The results of LCIA show that the sand washing workshop is the most serious pollution link in the QC production process.The normalized results show that,in the production stage of QC,from large scale to small scale,the index of environmental load is climate change,fossil energy consumption,particle formation and human toxicity.In order to increase the bargaining chip in the international bidding,respond to the local governments' implementation of the relevant policies,carbon emission has become the most concerned of many enterprises.On the basis of the inventory data,the total amount of carbon emission of the quayside products were calculated by using the emission coefficient method from the aspects of direct emission,process emission and indirect emission.Calculated according to relevant formulas the total carbon emission of each QC is 1145.40 t CO₂ per unit.