The Research On Concept Development And Optimization Of Electric Vehicles Based On Crashworthiness

In recent years,the increasing production and ownership of vehicles lead to a series problems,such as traffic congestion,environmental degradation,energy crisis,traffic accidents and so on.So car's demand for energy conservation,environmental protection and safety is strengthening.In order to improve this situation,all the countries take the new electric vehicles as the important development direction.The body structure of the current EV often follow the same form as conventional fuel vehicle body.So the mileage of EV is hard to meet the need of customer thanks to the high weight of battery.It makes many EV to become an unsuccessful products and also restricts the promotion of EV.Under this background,this paper development and design a electric concept vehicles based on the development process of the modern automobile body structure and automobile body structure design criteria,using relevant mathematical and commercial software tools.Validate the performance of the conceptual vehicle,which is designed by using lightweight and energy absorbing materials aluminum alloy,PDCPD and foamed aluminum.A standard car is selected to gain the body data and establish the finite element model of body structure using the method of reverse engineering.Compare the simulation modal with experimental modal of body structure to demonstrate the effectiveness of established model.Basis on this model,analysis static characteristics and collision safety performance to provide a reference for the concept development of the new energy vehicles.The forms of the new energy vehicles concept car's body structure have been investigated,and the frame structure form is selected.By means of topology optimization,the body structure's design space can be determined on the basis of the layout design,modeling and chassis systems.Compared the stiffness,modal and lightweight level performance of the new energy vehicles concept car with the standard car to provide a reference for detailed design of late.In order to improve the collision safety of vehicle,multi-objective optimization about filled aluminum foam in the front rail beam and threshold beam scheme is conducted.Finally,aluminum space frame structure filled with aluminum foam structure is designed.Compared to the standard form,the quality has decreased by 47% and the peak acceleration has decreased by 31%.Meanwhile,the specific energy absorption and stiffness can be promoted.Compared to the non-foam form,the peak acceleration has decreased by 5.4%.This illustrated that if aluminum foam materials are applied to energy absorption structures,the crash safety can be significantly improved and lightweight performance is also considered.To sum up,thisthesis bascically completed a new energy vehicle's concept design and optimized collision safety of the vehicle by ueing a variety of optimization and analysis techniques.The structure and design method have reference significance on the new energy vehicles optimization design.