Research On Conceptual Design And Development Of The Body Structure Of A New Electric Vehicle

For the current mainstream electric vehicles in China,the body structure often follows the same level of traditional fuel vehicles.Electric vehicles may have different body structures and corresponding design methods due to brand-new load-bearing and performance requirements.On the one hand,due to the large volume and heavy mass of power batteries,the layout of electric vehicles has greater influence on the development of body structure than traditional vehicles.Considering the layout work,a structure meeting the load-bearing requirements of electric vehicles can be further designed.On the other hand,the parameters of the power battery are related to the power performance of the whole vehicle.In the conceptual design stage,the design and development centered on the layout of the power battery can realize the matching of the power performance of the whole vehicle and the parameters of the power battery,and realize the comprehensive design and development of a new framework integrating the performance of the whole vehicle,the structure of the vehicle body and the structural performance.Based on the research and development of the actual mini pure electric concept vehicle,this paper discusses the brand-new body structure form,applies new lightweight materials,and studies the design method of the brand-new electric vehicle body structure with the design concept of centering on the power battery of the electric vehicle.The structural form of the vehicle body has established a database of the vehicle body,including a variety of power battery layout forms and multi-material vehicle body structural forms.A vehicle under research has also been selected as a reference vehicle,and the static characteristics of the vehicle body structure under research have been tested and simulated.On this basis,the development of electric vehicle body with new structure is carried out.Firstly,the vehicle performance and endurance mileage requirements are determined.Based on the requirements,the constraint equations of the power battery volume and the vehicle mass are established,and the appropriate vehicle mass and power battery volume are obtained.Based on the volume of power cells,three different powercell arrangements are established,and various general arrangement space schemes are determined.By using the method of topology optimization,the topological structure reference of the conceptual structure design of a brand-new electric vehicle body is obtained,and the force transmission path of the topological structure is analyzed.According to the topological results,the engineering design of the car body structure is carried out,and the front end module,the rear end module and the floor module of the car body structure are respectively designed in multiple schemes by using the modular modeling method,and finally two car body structure schemes are optimized.After analyzing and simulating the static stiffness and dynamic collision performance of multiple schemes,the influence of different structures on the vehicle performance is analyzed,and various reference design schemes are obtained for the detailed design stage of the vehicle body.Compared with the car under study,the conceptual scheme has a 11 % reduction in body mass and an improvement in bending and torsional stiffness.After putting forward the concept and design idea of a brand-new electric vehicle body structure,this paper develops a set of technical scheme for body structure development based on the arrangement of electric vehicle power batteries,which has important reference significance for the development of pure electric vehicles.