Research On Urban Logistics Distribution Routing Problem Based On Electric Vehicle

In recent years,under the dual pressure of energy shortage and environmental pollution,electric vehicle has made great progress with its advantages of energy saving and environmental protection,low noise and so on.The most likely alternative market for electric vehicles is not the last kilometer,nor long-distance transport,but the same city distribution.That is,B2 B logistics distribution,rather than B2 C scattered business.Only in the same city B2 B distribution this link,the advantages of electric vehicles can be better played.The electric vehicle used in the distribution service has the problem of single charge with short driving ranges which makes the research on Vehicle Routing Problem based on electric vehicle different from the research on Vehicle Routing Problem based on traditional fuel vehicles.At the present stage,the possibility of improving the electric vehicle technology in a short period of time is small.Therefore,for logistics enterprises that use electric vehicles as distribution vehicles,how to apply scientific methods to rational planning,in order to reduce the operating cost,improve the efficiency of distribution and ensure the safety of vehicles,vehicle routing problem is a problem that needs to be faced at this stage.Based on the relevant research of traditional fuel vehicle routing problem,this thesis establishes a city logistics distribution vehicle routing problem model based on electric vehicles.Carbon emission cost is regarded as one of the costs,and the average fixed cost,variable cost and fuel consumption cost of vehicle transport are taken as the objective function of the model.In addition,based on the characteristics of electric vehicles participating in the distribution,the model considers not only the traditional constraints such as the maximum load capacity of electric vehicles,but also the battery capacity,which is a unique constraint of the electric vehicle routing problem.Genetic algorithm is used to solve the established model.The natural number coding method is used to correlate the chromosomes with the vehicle routing problem.Inver-Over operators are used to carry out genetic operations on the chromosomes,and then the optimal solution to the problem is obtained by using C / C ++ programming.This thesis uses vehicle routing problem model of city logistics distribution,based on electric vehicle and genetic algorithm to solve vehicle routing problem of D logistics company adopting electric vehicle to replace traditional fuel vehicle.The results are compared with the distribution scheme of traditional fuel vehicle distribution.Experimental results show that the use of electric vehicles as distribution vehicles for logistics distribution activities,cost less distribution costs.Among them,transportation costs and carbon emission costs are less than the traditional fuel vehicles.It is proved that the proposed model and solution method are feasible and effective,and can guide D logistics company to solve the problem of using electric vehicles for reasonable logistics distribution path planning.