Research On Fuel Supply Strategy Of Dry Bulk Cargo Transportation

Maritime transport has become one of the major international transport modes because of the continuous development of international trade.However,the ups and downs of shipping market and fuel price bring much uncertainty to the management of shipping enterprises.Hence,shipping enterprises face with high risk.On the one hand,income of shipping enterprises is reduced greatly because of shipping market downturn.Shipping enterprises have to control operating costs to realize the profit maximization.On the other hand,fuel costs occupy a larger proportion in operating costs,so shipping enterprises have to control fuel costs by adopting economic speed,reducing the fuel consumption and so on.However,the volume of freight is large and maritime transport time is long.Hence,deciding fuel bunkering port and fuel charge reasonably is also an effective measure to reduce operating costs.In this context,this paper analyzes the characteristics of domestic and international dry bulk ocean shipping and marine fuel oil markets firstly.Then,characteristics and main transportation routes of iron ore,coal,grain are introduced which are the three main types in the international dry bulk market.Moreover,this paper also introduce the development of ship type,the producing area and price affecting factors of marine fuel oil in recent years.On this basis,a mixed integer nonlinear model is proposed to maximize voyage profit and provide fuel supply strategy in the process of dry bulk transportation.Then a shuffled frog leaping algorithm is proposed to solved the model.In case study,a panama bulk ship which engages in coal transportation between Australia and Asia is used to tested the model and algorithm.