Research On The Pure Electric Vehicle Scheduling Problem Considering Time-of-use Price

As the energy crisis and environmental deterioration are aggravating,pure electric vehicle has gain more and more attention as a environmentally friendly public transportation with large capacity.In recent years,the number of such bus lines has increased significantly,and higher requirements have been put forward for the operation and management level of pure electric vehicles.The key point of the pure electric bus operators is how to provide convenience services with minimum vehicle number,battery costs and slow down battery aging.In this paper,we put forward the pure electric scheduling problem,based on battery charging mode and exchange mode.The main research contents and conclusions include as follows:(1)According to the characteristics of battery and vehicle,we analyzed the operation characteristics of pure electric bus.Based on the existing vehicle scheduling problem,some problems we need to concentrate on become more and more urgent when we analyzed the pure electric vehicle scheduling problem.The problems are following:1)constraint condition,like the driving range,charging time and so on;2)the reasonable number of buses and the plan of charging on the basis of time-of-use price.(2)Under the charging mode of the vehicle,considering the battery charge and discharge problem and vehicle scheduling problem,we designed a multi-objective optimization model with the minimum number of vehicles,empty mileage and battery charging cost.The improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem.The real number encoding is used to encode the task number.An improved sequential Crossover Genetic operator is used to avoid the occurrence of precocious phenomenon.On this basis,we designed the battery charging optimization algorithm to optimized the charging starting time.(3)Under the battery exchange mode and constraints of pure electric bus transportation requirements,we proposed a scheduling model for vehicle and battery charging and discharging based on the orderly charging strategy under the TOU price mechanism.The improved genetic algorithm and Yalmip toolbox are used to solve these two model.The vehicle scheduling model achieves the least cost of vehicle acquisition by optimizing the number of vehicles;and the battery dispatching model achieves the minimum investment cost of the battery by optimizing the charging start time,charging time,etc.Finally,to solve these problem,the algorithm of vehicle dispatching model and battery charge and discharge scheduling model is designed.(4)Take a pure electric bus line in Daxing District of Beijing as an example,The application of the proposed model and algorithm for the pure electric vehicle scheduling can achieve the optimization scheme of scheduling with minimum comprehensive cost under different charging modes.Through the above example,the validity of the proposed model and algorithm is verified.It is proved that the order charging strategy based on TOU price proposed in this paper has effectively reduced the operation cost of the enterprise compared with the other two types of charging strategy.