Research On The Overall Optimization Method Of Pure Electric Bus Schedule And Vehicle Scheduling Plan

Pure electric bus,as a pure green public transportation tool,has developed very rapidly in China in recent years.The applications and routes of pure electric bus have increased significantly,and higher requirements have been put forward for the operation and management level of pure electric bus.During the morning and evening rush hours,traffic congestion may lead to late arrival of buses,affecting the implementation of subsequent trains and vehicle charging plans.In order to improve operational reliability,the paper proposes an optimization method for the preparation of electric bus schedule and vehicle scheduling plan considering the uncertain travel time of electric bus in the actual operating environment.The main research achievements of this paper include:(1)The characteristics of pure electric bus and battery are analyzed and summarized.On the basis of the optimization methods of conventional bus schedule and vehicle scheduling,it is proposed that the preparation of pure electric bus operation plan should focus on such factors as vehicle driving distance,charging start time and time-of-use electricity price.And optimizing the departure interval and departure time,reasonably configuring the number of vehicles,and then optimizing the vehicle scheduling plan and charging plan.(2)By considering the characteristics of uncertain travel time of pure electric buses in the actual operating environment,optimizing the comprehensive cost of passengers and enterprises by taking departure interval constraint as constraint conditions,and an optimization model of the departure interval of pure electric bus was constructed.To overcome the impact of traffic delays caused by road congestion during peak hours,improving the reliability of timetables,considering adding slack time between sites,taking passenger waiting time cost and departure time deviation from the existing schedule as the optimization objective,a multi-objective schedule optimization model of pure electric bus was constructed.And a model solving algorithm based on NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is designed.(3)When a pure electric bus runs overtime,it will make the vehicle unable to run on time and charge according to the charging schedule.To improve the reliability of the vehicle scheduling plan and charging plan,and based on pure electric schedule optimization results,considering time-of-use electricity price mechanism and vehicle delay,and aiming at minimizing the overall cost of purchased vehicles,empty driving costs and charging costs,the scheduling and charging schedule optimization models of pure electric buses were established.And an improved ant colony algorithm was designed to solve the model.(4)Taking a pure electric bus line in Beijing as an example,the optimization method proposed in this paper is applied to calculate the optimal scheme of pure electric bus schedule and vehicle scheduling,which verifies the rationality and effectiveness of the model algorithm in this paper.Through comparative analysis,it is found that in the schedule optimization scheme,the punctuality of arrival is increased by 18%,the average delay index of morning and evening peak and flat peak is decreased by 3.6%,3.1% and2.6% respectively.In the optimal scheme of vehicle scheduling and charging plan,the number of vehicles required is 16,and the daytime charging cost is reduced by 0.60%compared with the scheme without considering vehicle delay.Compared with the charging strategy,the charging cost and comprehensive cost are reduced by 12.38% and2.25% respectively,and the reliability of the implementation of vehicle scheduling plan and charging plan is also improved.There are 42 figures,20 tables and 77 references.