Design Of Small-Scale Wind-Solar Complementary Control System For Polar Variable Load Ice And Snow Process Monitoring Station

The subject project comes from "Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment of the Southern and Northern Arctic Environments"(ID: CHINAER2016-02-02).Application-oriented research on the design of a small wind-solar hybrid control system for a polar variable ice-borne snow process monitoring station.The distance from Zhongshan Station to Kunlun Station in Antarctica is more than 1,200 kilometers in a straight line.It is covered by ice and snow of several hundred meters thickness all the year round,and it is extremely poley and extremely nighty,which brings many difficulties for on-the-spot investigation.The ice and snow process monitoring station is a multi-purpose monitoring station for data collection and remote transmission of snowfall from Zhongshan Station and Kunlun Station,snow blown away by wind,solar radiation,and changes in the shallow temperature field of the ice sheet.The wind direction sensor,illuminance sensor,and ultrasonic sensor are integrated.Five sets are installed between Zhongshan Station and Kunlun Station.The battery is used for power supply.Due to the poor installation environment,the hardware device cannot work,and the battery performance deteriorates or even causes irreversible damage,resulting in a monitoring station.The battery life is poor,so the wind power supply system is designed to supply power to it.This project takes the small-scale wind-solar hybrid control system of the polar variable ice-borne snow process monitoring station as research content,sothat the ice-snow process monitoring station can continue to work stably under the special conditions of low temperatures and extreme polar nights in Antarctica.As the energy storage device of the entire system,the battery,The performance of the controller deteriorates at low temperatures.The components of the controller cannot work under very low temperatures.The rotor of the wind turbine can not operate under ice at low temperatures.These various reasons will affect the efficiency of the wind-solar hybrid power supply system.Therefore,the power supply system is heated.The design of the device and the heating control strategy become the most important topic of this topic.Firstly,this paper analyzes and calculates the meteorological data of Antarctica and the electricity consumption of the monitoring station,and selects the hardware of the wind-solar hybrid power supply heating device so that it can work normally in a low-temperature environment.Based on the statistical results,the photovoltaic panel and wind power are calculated.The annual power generation of the generator and the annual power consumption of the load are calculated and energy matching is performed.Secondly,the lithium iron phosphate battery was placed in a low-temperature tester and the charge and discharge experiments were performed at temperatures of-10 ?,-20 ?,and-30 ? to analyze the low temperature characteristics of the battery.Based on the experimental data,the battery capacity was obtained.The relationship between the terminal voltage and temperature curve,the relationship between the battery discharge capacity and the terminal voltage.From the experiment,it is known that the decrease of the temperature causes the initial discharge voltage of the battery to decrease,the charge and discharge time is shortened,and the charge and discharge capacity is decreased.However,at-10?,the charge and discharge capacity of the battery is still considerable.Third,this article takes a 12V75 Ah lithium iron phosphate battery as the research object,puts forward the heating method of silica gel heating plate,carries on the heating and discharging experiment to the battery at-20?,-30?ambient temperature,and compares the battery discharge performance.The heating experiment was divided into two parts: battery heating experiment and battery heating discharge experiment.The battery heating experiment verifies that the incubator is heated in different low temperature environments and the overall temperature rise effect in the battery incubator;the battery heating and discharging experiment verifies the proportion of electricity consumed in the heating process and the amount of electricity discharged from the heated battery.According to the experimental data,the battery insulation box heating strategy of the Antarctic wind and solar hybrid power supply system was formulated.Finally,the hardware and software design of the controller of the polar variable load wind-solar hybrid control system was designed.The MSP430F5438 A was used as the main control chip.The wind charging branch,temperature acquisition,current and voltage acquisition,load switching and unloading circuit of the system were designed.Control circuit,and low-temperature hardware selection type;software programming,including the main system program,battery charge and discharge procedures,temperature acquisition and PID control program,load switching control program.In the low-temperature experiment cabinet,the whole system was debugged at low temperature,relevant parameters were adjusted for PID temperature control,and the entire design was finally completed.