The Study Of Summer Maize Special Fertilizer And Precision Fertilization Technology

Maize is the first crop of China,maize production is significant to ensure national grain security.Fertilizer is the “grain” of the crops,fertilization is the main technology to achieve high yield of maize.Now there are a lot of problems in maize production,such as the nitrogen fertilizer excessively applied,the fertillizer combination is unreasonable,resulting that the yield of maize decrease,fertilizer use efficiency is low,and the labor of our country transfer,the simplified fertilization is needed.So field experiment is conducted to study effect of precision fertilization and humic acid fertilizer on maize,to explore summer maize high yield,high efficiency and simplified fertilization technology.It aims to provide theory and technological basis for summer maize scientific fertilization.The main conclusion are as follows:1.Precision fertilization increased summer maize yield by 10.24%~19.65% and15.81%~25.32% in Xunxian and Huaxian,the dry matter accumulation increased by10.47%~2.95% and 14.01%~22.33%.Precision fertilization improved leaf nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity of summer maize,promoted N,P and K nutrient absorption and utilization,increased the yield and nitrogen use efficiency.Precision fertilization improved leaf chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,ΦPSII,q P,photosynthesis rate,stomatal conductance,decreased transpiration rate and NPQ.Taking the consideration of yield,N fertilizer use efficiency,photosynthesis parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,the yield of the applying two 7.0kg fertilizer at the 15 cm apart the root in the seeding stage is the highest,being10626kg·hm-2and 11458kg·hm-2respectively,the dry matter accumulation and the photosynthesis rate are also the highest,the N fertilizer use efficiency is 35.58%.Precision fertilization can improved the yield and N fertilizer ues efficiency,promoting the maize to absorb the nutrient,reaching the high yield and simplified fertilization.2.Compared with the amount of the humic acid fertilizer of 600 kg·km-2,the yield of750 kg·km-2increased 4.36% and 10.92%,the dry matter accumulation increased17.79% and 5.78%,the Fv/Fm,ΦPSII,q P is also higher.The bacterial wilt probability of humic acid(7.60%~24.98%)is lower than the probability of NPK combined application(66.67%).The two humic acid fertilizer can improve summer maize yield and the dry matter accumulation,decrease the bacterial wilt probability.750 kg·km-2showed the best recommended fertilization amount.3.Compared with seed manure simulcasting,the maize yield of conventional fertilization increased by 10.19% and 15.44%,the dry matter accumulation increased by 18.94% and 8.53%,the nitrogen accumulation increased by 17.20% and 17.59%,the P accumulation increased by 19.93% and 11.31%,the K accumulation increased by 16.91% and 30.13 %.The effect of seed manure simulcasting is not significant because the humic acid fertilizer slow release is limited.