Breeding Of White Standard Chrysanthemum For Cutting

As one of the famous Chinese traditional flowers, Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum xmorifolium Ramat.) is also an important cut and pot flower worldwide, having high ornamental and economic value. China has a rapid development in standard cutting chrysanthemum industry recent years. In addition to the large domestic consumption, but also a great number exported to Japan? Korea et al, showing remarkable market potentiality. Japan is China's major consumer of the standard white cut chrysanthemum, and the favorite white cut chrysanthemum varieties in Japan's market are the foreign cultivated varieties 'Youxiang'and'Jinba'. Lacking of new cut chrysanthemum varieties with our own independent intellectual property rights will not only increase the cost burden on enterprises, but also can't meet the market demands for the simplification of variety is not able to adjust the different climate and facilities in China. There is an urgent need to improve the breeding ability. This experience aims to select new excellent varieties of our own intellectual property from the crossbreeding F1 hybrid strains by establishing a comprehensive evaluation system. The main findings are as follows:1. Comprehensive Appraisal of the Ornamental Value of the standard white cut Chrysanthemum hybrid F1 strains59 standard white cut chrysanthemum F1 hybrid strains were used as test materials. According to the standard of cut chrysanthemum requirements both home and abroad, we chose 12 factors as the evaluation factor, including brightness of flower color? vase life? flower diameter et al. A synthetic appraisal system of ornamental value was established by means of expert consultation?analytic hiberarchy process and the Q-hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to differentiate the rank of the F1 strains. The weight of each affecting factor was calculated and the results showed that the brightness of flower color had the most important effect, with the weight of 0.229. According to the scoring criteria,59 strains were endowed with different scores; multiplied the scores by the weight of each factor to obtain the comprehensive scores of each hybrid F1 strain. Finally by hierarchical cluster analysis, using between-groups Linkage method and the clustering center value of synthetical scores of white cut chrysanthemum of various ranks,59 hybrid F1 strains were classified into 3 grades. There were 27 strains graded excellent,22 graded good, and 10 graded general, and respectively amounted for 45.8%,37.3% and 16.9%.2. Comprehensive Appraisal of the Aphid and Waterlogging Resistance of the standard white cut Chrysanthemum hybrid F1 strains30 strains, selected from the ornamental assessing experiment, went on for the next aphid resistance and waterlogging tolerance test. Aphid number and aphid number ratio were investigated in these materials via artificial aphid inoculation test. The results indicated that different strains had different levels of aphid resistance. In term of aphid number ratio and the resistance grading criteria, we got 1 moderate resistance strain and 3 resistance grade strains upon the 30 hybrid strains.Pot plants were exposed to mimicked flooding circumstances. Morphological changes under the waterlogging treatment were observed. Four morphological criteria i.e., longevity?leaf color? leaf morphology and stem morphology were chose to describe the waterlogging damage. According to the waterlogging damages, the level of waterlogging tolerance was classified into five grades. Different tolerance to waterlogging was observed: two materials showing waterlogging tolerance, four strains showing less tolerance, seven strains intermediate, fourteen strains belonging to sensitive and twelve strains showing waterlogging sensitive.3. A synthetic assessing of the standard white cut Chrysanthemum hybrid F1 strainsCombined the results of ornamental value appraisal?resistance evaluation and cultivation characteristics assessing, a comprehensive appraisal system of standard white cut chrysanthemum was established.17 factors affecting the quality of standard cut chrysanthemum were analyzed and the weight of each factor was calculated, respectively. The total score of the strains was listed, and by the means of clustering method,30 strains were divided into 3 groups:excellent, good, moderate.6 excellent strains were screened out to be the new varieties.