Investigation And Analysis Of Cut Chrysanthemum Cultivars

Chrysanthemum morifolium is native to China and is one of the top ten famous flowers in China and one of the four largest cut flowers in the world.Chrysanthemum cultivation has a long history and has formed a rich genetic variation.Among them,cut chrysanthemums are different in types and colors.The collection and preservation of variety resources is the basis for breeding,and it is also an indispensable part of strengthening breeding.This paper takes the cut flowers of the Chinese Chrysanthemum Germplasm Resources Conservation Center of Nanjing Agricultural University and Shanghai Honghua Horticulture Co.Ltd.,Kunming Hongzhihua Horticulture Co.Ltd.and Yunnan Fengdao Flower Co.Ltd.,as experimental materials to explore and analyze varieties.Phenotypic trait genetic diversity designed to facilitate future resource collection,conservation and breeding.In this paper,we recorded 234 standard cut chrysanthemum varieties resources,697 spray cut chrysanthemum varieties resources,and a total of 931 cut chrysanthemum varieties resources.Among them,there are 9 statistical quality traits and 14 quantitative traits.It was found that the standard cut chrysanthemum has the largest incurve type,accounting for 52.99%of the total;the color of the flower is yellow,white and pink,accounting for 29.10%,15.38%and 15.38%,respectively,and the least variety is only 0.85%;Most of the leaf types were long leaves and normal leaves,which accounted for 75.22%of the total;the stems were mostly green,accounting for 91.03%of the total.The coefficient of variation of ray floret number,stem strength and number of leaf serrates at margin were 38.38%,34.32%,and 31.34%.The distribution of genetic traits of quantitative traits was relatively uniforma,in the range of 1.8-2.1.The quality traits were genetically diverse.In the quality traits genetic diversity index,shape of leaf apex,depth of leaf serrates at margin and the stem color were 0.847,0.759,and 0.391,respectively.The most significant correlations were leaf length and leaf width;stem diameter and stem strength,leaf length,leaf width;depth of the lowest bit crack and stem diameter,stem strength.The type of spray cut chrysanthemum is mainly single type and incurve type,accounting for 24.96%and 21.09%respectively;the color of flowers is mainly pink,yellow and white,accounting for 23.24%,20.80%and 15.35%respectively;Most of the leaf types were long leaves and normal leaves,accounting for 64.71%of the total;stems were mostly green,accounting for 88.09%of the total.The variation coefficient of ray floret number was 98.54%,the coefficient of variation of stem strength and inflorescence diameter was 43.28%and 33.85%,respectively.The quantitative trait genetic diversity index of ray floret number was lower than 1.471.The other distribution of genetic traits of quantitative traits was relatively uniform,which was basically in the range of 2.0-2.1.In the quality traits genetic diversity index,shape of leaf apex,depth of leaf serrates at margin and the stem color were 0.899,0.732,and 0.471,respectively.The most significant correlations were leaf length and leaf width;stem diameter and stem strength,leaf length,leaf width;number of leaf serrates at margin and depth of the lowest bit crack;flower diameter,internode length and leaf length,leaf width.