Research Of Charcoal On Proteomic Of Wheat Seedling Roots Under NaCl Stress

In recent years, due to population growth, industrial pollution and improper use of fertilizer and other factors, the global climate is changed, soil salinization is becoming more and more serious. Now, nearly 25% of global arable soil is affected by the soil salinization, thus the sustainable development of agricultural production is under serious threat. On the morphology, soil salinization can lead to plant dwarf, decreasing of dry weight and fresh weight, changes in plant photosynthesis, can also make the plant development in advance and premature aging. Studies have shown that low concentration of salt stress can promote plant antioxidant enzyme system, such as Superoxide Dismutase(SOD), Peroxide(POD) and Catalase(CAT), and so on, while the content of Malondialdehyde(MDA) is decreased, so as to remove ROS content in plants and reduce the membranous peroxide, and then resisting the salt injury. If the salinization land is in high salt content, high salt will restrain the activity of antioxidant enzymes in plants, and will increase the ROS content, and then increase the MDA content, so the organism is damaged seriously, eventually lead to programmed cell death(PCD). Generally, Salt ions infiltrate the plant and can adjust ion balance through ion separation and osmosis at the cellular level and the organism level. Because salt can destroy the structure of amino acids, thus can inhibit the synthesis of protein and promote its decomposition. Charcoal which structure is porous and has a strong adsorption can absorb water permeability. To a certain extent, reduce the mineralize for nitrogen in soil, and improve the relative elements such as P, Ca and Mg content in the soil, relievers- such as fertilizer in the soil, and no pollution to the environment. Charcoal on crops is significant; the application on crops will be the new farming method of the 21 st century. Charcoal can increase of plant newborn roots, plant fresh weight, plant height, leaf area and the crop yield. Relate to plant antioxidant enzyme activity inflicted charcoal; there are no related reports about the influence of protein content and protein expression.This experiment use the main variety of winter wheat 6339(Triticum aestivum Linn) in Linfen city as the material. The first study of single factor(different NaCl concentration and different proportion of charcoal and soil) and double factors(different concentrations of NaCl and 4% proportion of charcoal and soil) on wheat seedling root growth phenotype and physiological and biochemical indexes to select the appropriate concentration of NaCl and appropriate proportion of charcoal for subsequent experiments. After selecting CK(without taking any processing), group C(4.0% charcoal processing), Y(1.0% NaCl stress) and D.F group(1.0% NaCl and 4.0% charcoal processing) four groups of protein analysis. By using SDS-PAGE technique, 2- DE technique, MALDI- TOF- MS technology and bioinformatics to compare the difference expression of total protein of wheat seedling roots in the treatment group, and further explore the biological function of differences in protein. The experimental results are as follows:(1)In single factor experiment, the growth inhibition of wheat was more obvious with the increase of NaCl concentration.Mainly displays in dwarf, yellow leaves and wilting of the plant. Root length and root area to the concentration of NaCl showed inversely proportional. MDA content increased and antioxidant enzyme activity reduced. Thus salinity stress can damage the growth of plants, while self-healing system cannot be repaired. So it is concluded that winter wheat 6339 is a kind of salt sensitive variety. Generally, the more increase of proportion of charcoal, the more rise in plant root length and root area, but the difference was not significant. Antioxidant enzyme activity remained relatively stable. So adding charcoal on the performance of wheat seedlings is not obvious. Under the dual function of NaCl and charcoal, D.F wheat than Y group root length and root area and antioxidant enzyme activity increased, all shown the charcoal has a certain effect to the recovery of wheat in salt stress.(2)Differentially expressed proteins point map are obtained in four groups treated by SDS-PAGE technology and 2-DE. Part of the differentially expressed proteins points(24) are identified into six kinds of functional protein. The first kind of proteins is associated with energy metabolism, including the ATP synthase and ATPase. The second category is sugar metabolism related protein, including phosphoglycerate kinase, triosephosphate isomerase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and aconitate hydratase. The third class is related to the amino acid metabolism of protein, such as cysteine synthase. The fourth class is associated with genetic material of protein, such as chromosome structural protein. The fifth class is Pathogenesis-related protein. The sixth class is unknown function protein. The detection of these proteins provides the gist for further research the damage mechanism of salt stress on wheat protein level.