Studies On Somatic Mutant No.30 In Dendrocalamus Farinosus

The plant of seeds from Dendrocalamus farinosus and the somaclonal mutant No.30 were used for the study. The morphology characteristics, such as plant height, diameter at breast and biomass were investigated. The cellulose contents, lignin contents and its composition were measured. The fiber morphology and the anatomical structure characteristics were carried out. The genetic mutation was detected based on the ISSR molecular marker and the SLAF-Seq technology. The transcriptional level changes were detected and the bioinformatics on transcription factor were analyzed based on the RNA-Seq transcriptome database. The main results are as follows:In mutant No.30, the plant height, diameter, fresh weight, dry weight are significantly higher than controls.The cellulose content of mutant No.30 is 27.89% higher than controls, meanwhile, the fiber length and ratio of length to width are significantly higher than that of controls, both of the difference had statistical significance. However, fiber width and fines content and the S/G value have no obvious change compared with the controls. The fluorescence signal of calcofluor staining is stronger in mutant No.30, whose protoxylem and metaxylem with deep-coloured stained by Wiesner reaction. The height and width of central vascular strand, the outer and inter fiber strand thickness are highter than those of control, the difference has statistical significance. There is no significant difference observed in diameter of the vessel between the mutant No.30 and CK.The ISSR-PCR results showed that the new bands, including ISSR-C330 and ISSR-C480, ISSR-C412 and ISSR-C2000, and ISSR-C760 and ISSR-C2000, were observed in mutant No.30, compared with the control. The lacking bands, including ISSR-C1000 and ISSR-E225, were found in mutant No.30, compared with the control. A total of 4,142 INDEL markers were found based on SLAF-Seq technology. ISSR- PCR detection and SLAF- Seq sequencing provide powerful evidence for mutant No. 30 at the genome level variation.The gene expression pattern of Ces A, Csl, 4CL, PAL, CAD, LAC, Prx, CCR, MYB, NAC, WRKY and b ZIP were analyzed in mutant No.30 and controls. Moreover, the up-regulated expression of Ces A7 could be related to the high cellulose content. The up-regulated expression of Prx could be related to the high lignin content in mutant No.30.Transcription factor bioinformatics were analyzed based on the transcriptome database. NAC transcription factor T4 Unigene BMK.39098 and T5 Unigene BMK.42136, T4 Unigene BMK.42791 and T5 Unigene BMK.41686 could be related to the plant senescence. The T4 Unigene BMK.41300 and T5 Unigene BMK.38663 with no conserved domain could be closely related to the secondary cell wall synthesis.MYB transcription factor T4 Uni Gene BMK.46978 and T5 Uni Gene BMK.45130 could be involved in the process of abiotic stress. WRKY transcriptional factor T4 Uni Gene BMK.43418 and T5 Uni Gene BMK.39189, T4 Uni Gene BMK.34021 and T5 Uni Gene BMK.27067 could be function in the process of plant abiotic stress.