| Siberian apricot is a characteristic ecological economic tree species of the northern area, it has resistant to drought and poor, well-adapted and other characteristics, it is the main afforestation tree species for the three Norths shelter forest and small watershed comprehensive harness ecological construction projects. Bitter apricot kernels can produce beverage, medicine, processe oil, can be also processed into activated carbon, has a very high ecological value and economic value. In this paper, the Siberian apricot as the research object, through the germplasm genetic diversity research of Siberian apricot, understanding of the genetic differentiation of its germplasm resources; Construct DNA fingerprint on 27 choiceness clones, to molecular identification, to determine the genetic relationship; At the same time, systematic study the biology and physiology characteristics of fine fertility clones, providing theoretical basis for the Siberian apricot varieties breeding.The main results were as follows:(1) In germplasm genetic diversity analysis for 93 Siberian apricot clones in the land of four provenances, the genetic index of Nei's genetic diversity index, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, Shannon information index were 0.3439,0.4051,0.3906,0.6467. Siberian apricot had 100% polymorphism frequency. The genetic diversity had a high level. Provenance in Zhalantun of Inner Mongolia(h=0.3902,I=0.6391) and Liaoning(h=0.3907, I=0.6372) had the higher genetic diversity, followed by Aohan of Inner Mongolia provenance(h=0.2991,I=0.4798), the lowest levels of genetic diversity of Russian provenance(h=0.2957,I=0.4787). Clustering results of STRUCTURE can be divided into three groups, the UPGMA clustering results were basically identical, had gene exchange between the three groups.(2) The digital fingerprint of 27 Siberian apricot clones were constructed,23 clones can be identified.4 polymorphism primers were P3, P15, L25 and L70. The genetic similarity coefficient of 27 samples between 0.56?1.00,27 clones can be divided into two groups. When the genetic coefficient at 0.93,23 clones can be separated.(3) The of 4 clones and bouquet spur setting percentage and short branch setting percentage showed high significant positive correlation, the long branch setting percentage of No.28 and fruit setting rate showed significant positive correlation. The order of fruit bearing amount was:28> 37>39>16>CK. The nucleus rate of No.37 was the highest in 4 clones, it was 22.39%; the kernel rate of No.39 was the highest, it was 51.01%. The nucleus rate had significant positive correlation with fruit weight, fruit width, kernel thickness. The nuclear rate and fruit length had significantly negative correlation. Kernel rate had significant positive correlation with fruit weight, fruit width, fruit thickness, kernel weight, kernel thickness. Kernel rate and nuclear length had high significant negative correlation.(4) The Pn and Tr diurnal variation difference of clones were not significant, between different times and different months were high significant differences. In July, Pn diurnal variation of 4 clones were distinct bimodal curve, there were "midday depression of photosynthesis" phenomenon, Pn monthly value of No.28 and No.37 were stable. Tr and Pn have a significant positive correlation, diurnal variation showed a trend of "up-down" in June, showed a trend of "up?down?up" July, and the value in June is significantly higher than in July. The WUE diurnal variation of 4 clones was more stable than the CK, No.16 and No.37 had a high value of WUE. |
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