Diversity Of Soil Fungi In The Northern Slope Of Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve Revealed By Molecular Biology Methods

The ecological system of Changbai Mountain nature reserve is relatively complete,and the biological diversity is comparatively high,where contains a lot of fungal resources.In the long term,people research the fungal resources of Changbai Mountain nature reserve mainly by the traditional methods of isolation and culture which exsit some limitations.In this paper,with the methods of molecular biology,we study the soil fungi in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain diversity research.It provide basis for the management of Changbai Mountain Forest Resource and the utilization and the development of microbial resources.The morphological characteristics method and genic sequences analysis method were combined with to study the diversity of soil fungi in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve.160 soil samples were collected and cultured,and 970 strains were obtained.Through analyzing the results of the morphological identification and molecular identification,a total of 43 genera and 87 species of fungi were identified,including 33 genera and 70 species of Ascomycetes,9 genera and 16 species of Zygomycetes,1 genus and 1 species of Basidiomycetes.Variation of the fungal structure in the Northern Slope of Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve was investigated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique.Through studying the 32 soil samples were collected,the results show a relatively high abundance of soil fungi in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve.The fungi in July and August are richer than in June and September.The cluster analysis shows that the composition of fungi is similar in the same vegetation,which fungal distribution is closely related distribution of vegetation zones.Molecular cloning technique was used to reserve the diversity of soil fungal in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain.Total DNA of soil were acquired by extraction kit,and the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer of soil fungi were amplified,cloned and sequenced.By homologous alignment analysis the 400 clones were divided into 119 operational taxonomic units(OUTs).Including 34 genus and 82 species,among them 16 genus,55 species belong to Basidiomycotina,17 genus,22 species belong to Ascomycotina,1genus,5 species belong to Zygomycotina,and some fungi are unclassified.The largest number of fungi is Russula(10.25%),and Russula is the most prevailing strains in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain.Through analysis and research of the eighty soil samples by High-throughput squencing,we achieve the abundant enumeration of fungi in the area,a total of 2294552 reads obtainedwere divided into 25282 operational taxonomic units(OUTs),including 5 phyla,24 classes,87 orders,195 families,622 genera and 1056 species.At genus level,the most dominant community in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain is Mortierella.In addition,with the different time and different altitude,the distributional law of fungi was evident.