Effect Of Different Phosphate Application On Seed Vigor And Yield Of Spring Wheat

The experiment was conducted to identify the effect of phosphorus fertilization on spring wheat dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components and seed vigor using different phosphate application,different harvest time of spring wheat seeds as materials and to study change of seed vigor with the different aging time and PEG drought stress treatment. Our objective was to determine the relationship between seed vigor and phosphate application and harvest time and the effect of the phosphate application on drought resistant ability of spring wheat seed, and to identify the optimum phosphate application, best harvest time, to provide a theoretical basis for the seed quality and precision seeding and reduce production cost, improve the quality of seed. The main conclusions of this experiment were:1. The seed vigor index the spring wheat was increased by the phosphate application, and also with the germination potential, germination index, germination rate and other indexes, it was also good for seedling growth and development, increased seedling dry matter and fresh weight accumulation, add the length of the wheat seedling root system, improve alpha amylase, peroxidase activity, maintain the stability of the seed seedlings cell membrane and enhance the drought resistant ability of spring wheat seed, beyond which there was no additional response.2. The seed vigor index with the spring wheat of treatment P3 under seed aging 8 d was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and also with germination index, germination rate, seedling fresh weight and dry weight, the germination potential, seedling root length and shoot length and alpha- amylase activity. peroxidase activity. the MDA content in cell of treatment P3 under seed aging was significantly lower than that of other phosphorus treatment, it indicated that the P3 treatment was the best phosphorus level to keep the wheat seeds with higher vigor and to ensure higher germination index, germination rate, to maintain normal seedling growth and development, increase seedling dry matter quality, reduce the cell membrane damage.3. The higher seed vigor and strong drought resistance in drought stress tests Xinchun 34 was higher than that of the cultivar of the spring wheat. In a certain range, the vigor index and peroxidase activity,seed proline accumulation, MDA content and the ability of drought resistance was improved with the phosphate application, and the drought stress damage was decreased, the beyond which there was no additional response. Under the phosphate application treatment of P3, the MDA content of two cultivars was lowest. The seed vigor index of treatment P3 was higher than those of other treatments after drought stress. It suggest that P3 treatment was the optimum phosphorus levels remained high seed the activity and drought resistance.4. The vigor index, germination potential, germination index, germination rate of spring wheat seed at flowering after 35 days in aging were relatively higher than that other flowering time. The that of peroxidase, amylase activity the MDA content, cell membranein damage of seeds was best, but keep the strong anti-aging ability after aging 8 days. It suggest that it was the best harvest period of spring wheat seed with the seed have best quality and highest activity.5. The phosphate application had a significant correlation with the wheat grain yield, dry matter accumulation amount, seed vigor, harvest index, spikelet number and 1000 grain weight, and the seed vigor had correlation with grain yield, and with main spike length, spikelet number, 1000 grain weight, phosphate application. Increasing application of phosphate fertilizer under 135 kg·hm-2 could increase the yield and income, increase the seed vigor, beyond which there was no additional response. The wheat yield and seed vigor was the highest under the phosphate application treatment of P3(135 kg·hm-2), so P3 treatment was the best phosphorus treatment.