| This thesis systemly investigated the arthropod community in ?An ji bai cha? tea garden in hefei.The survey datas were analyzed with the community analysis method,principal component analysis,size analysis,fuzzy clustering analysis method and so on,as made clear the pest natural enemy community structures and dynamics in tea garden,in order to provide theoretical basis for the comprehensive management and pest control.1.The arthropod community was divided into three sub-communities: phytophages,predators and parasitorids–neutralityies according to their nutrition and feeding relationship.In 2014,the survey data showed tea plantation arthropod community contained 85 species,belonging to 58 families.The relative abundance of phytophagous subcommunity which occupied the dominant position of arthropod community was 0.5525.And Frankliniella intonsa,Galerucinae,Empoasca vitis and Toxoptera aurantii were the dominant species.The relative abundance of predacious subcommunity was 0.3022.The dominant species of natural enemies were Oxyopes sertatus,Tetragnatha maxillosa and Tetragnatha squamata.The relative abundance of parasitorids–neutralityies subcommunity was 0.1359.In 2015,the survey data showed tea plantation arthropod community contained 84 species,belonging to 57 families.The relative abundance of phytophagous subcommunity was 0.4834.And Frankliniella intonsa,Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu,Galerucinae,Empoasca vitis and Toxoptera aurantii were the dominant species.The relative abundance of predacious subcommunity was 0.3454.The dominant species of natural enemies were Tetragnatha maxillosa,Tetragnatha squamata and Theridion octomaculatum.The relative abundance of parasitorids–neutralityies subcommunity was 0.1715.2.The t-test analysis was performed to analyze the difference of community characteristic parameters between 2014 and 2015.The analysis results were the differences of the species S(1.6691),the individual number N(1.4069),the advantages of concentration C(1.3491),the diversity index H '(1.6393),and evenness index J(1.2228)and the dominance D(1.1889)were not significant,but the difference of the species richness R(2.3878)was significant.The t test result of two years main pests and natural enemies population were that the pests which had significant difference were Aleurocanthus spiniferus(Quaintanca)(2.1754)and Ectropis oblique hypulina(Wehrli)(2.6164),the pests which had extremely significant difference were Eysacoris guttiger(Thunb.)(3.0388),the natural enemies which had extremely significant difference were Oxyopes sertatus(3.4822)and Lariniaria argiopiformis(4.8228),the other insects had no significant difference.3.In 2014,the comparison of total community diversity index of Anji tea garden showed total community> predacious sub-community > phytophagous sub-community > parastitoids-neutralities sub-community;the result of 2015 was similar to 2014.Thus it showed that diversity index had the same varying trend.4.The characteristic parameters of total community and its sub-community were analyzed with the principal component analysis(PCA).The results indicated that In 2014 the contribution of second principal component were 93.9417%,96.4424%,91.9974%and 78.9496% respectively;In 2015,the contribution of second principal component was 94.0851%,93.138%,88.7253% and 82.7538% respectively.The number of species and individuals had larger contribution rate to total community and its sub-community.5.The relationships between diversity index and other ecological indexes in every community were analyzed with Path analysis.Consequently,in 2014,the evenness and species had positive correlation with diversity index and their correlation coefficient were 0.9751 and 0.8044.The direct effect of evenness and species to diversity index were 0.8017 and 0.8783.In 2015,the same with 2014,the correlation coefficient of evenness and species with species diversity index were 0.9924 and 0.7261.And the direct effect of evenness to diversity index was 0.8829.6.The characteristic parameters of total community and its sub-community were analyzed with fuzzy Clustering analysis.In 2014,the results showed that the total community was divided into 3 clusters when D was 0.9000;the phytophagous community was divided into 3 clusters when D was 0.9400;the predacious was divided into 3 clusters when D was 0.9050;the parastitoids-neutralities sub-community was divided into 3 clusters when D was 0.8700.And in 2015,the total community was divided into 4 clusters when D was 0.9500;the phytophagous community was divided into 3 clusters when D was 0.9600;the predacious was divided into 3 clusters when D was 0.9300;the parastitoids-neutralities sub-community was divided into 4 clusters when D was 0.9300.7.The characteristic parameters of total community and its sub-community were analyzed with the optimization partitions method.In 2014,the results showed that the total community,phytophagous,predacious,parastitoids-neutralities sub-community could be divided into 8,8,10 and 6 stages and the error function were 0.8510,1.6499,0.8085 and 0.7552 respectively.In 2015,the total community,phytophagous,predacious,parastitoids-neutralities sub-community could be divided into 7,7,7 and 10 stages and the error function were 1.0140,1.0969,0.9391 and 0.9066 respectively.8.Spiders and ladybird enemies are the main biological resources of biological control of insect pests.In order to reasonable protect and utilize natural enemies for pest control,system survey of main pests and natural enemies was conducted in anji white tea tea garden.Then the quantity,and the temporal and spatial relationships of Frankliniella intonsa and Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu with their predators were analysed using grey relational and ecological niche analyses.In 2014,it was determined that the five dominant natural predators of Frankliniella intonsa were Clubiona japonicola ? Erigonidium graminicolum?Propylea japonica?Leis axyridis and Tetragnatha maxillosa.And the five dominant natural predators of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu were Erigonidium graminicolum?Plexippus paykulli?Clubiona japonicola?Oxyopes sertatus and Tetragnatha squamata.The results also showed that the spatial pattern of Frankliniella intonsa were all gathered pattern in five times.The w values of Frankliniella intonsa with five main natural enemies were all less than 13.4629,which means that the gathered degree difference was not significant between them.The ? values of gathering average of Frankliniella intonsa was great than two,indicating that the aggregation of Frankliniella intonsa were caused by itself.And the aggregation of Propylea japonica were also caused by itself.But the aggregation of other four kinds enemies were caused by different environmental factors.The distribution pattern of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu was random pattern in May 25,and the other days were gathered pattern.The w values of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu with five main natural enemies were all less than 13.4629,which means that the gathered difference was not significant.The ? values of gathering average of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu was 2.0397 in June 9,indicating that the aggregation of it was caused by itself.However,the aggregation of the other four days of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu and its five enemies were caused by different environmental factors.In 2015,it was determined that the five dominant natural predators of Frankliniella intonsa were Theridion octomaculatum,Tetragnatha maxillosa,Leis axyridis,Oxyopes sertatus and Erigonidium graminicolum.And the five dominant natural predators of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu were Erigonidium graminicolum,Leis axyridis,Theridion octomaculatum,Plexippus paykulli and Tetragnatha maxillosa.The results also showed that the spatial pattern of Frankliniella intonsa were all gathered pattern in five times.The w values of Frankliniella intonsa with five main natural enemies were all less than 13.4629,which means that the gathered degree difference was not significant between them.The aggregation of Frankliniella intonsa were caused by different environmental factors in August 30,September 26 and October 11,but in October 28 and November 14,it were caused by itself.The aggregation of Theridion octomaculatum in November 14 and Tetragnatha maxillosa in October 28 and November 14 were caused by themselves,the other times were by different environmental factors.The distribution pattern of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu was all gathered pattern.The w values of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu with five main natural enemies were all less than 13.4629,which means that the gathered difference was not significant.The aggregation of Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu was caused by different environmental factors in May 25,the other times were caused by itself.But the aggregation of five kinds enemies were caused by different environmental factors. |
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