Investigation On The Infections Of Avian Leukosis Virus And Reticuloendotheliosis Virus In Guangxi Waterfowls

Avian Leukosis(AL)is a group of diseases caused by the avian leukosis virus(ALV)and Rous arcoma virus(RSV).It mainly causes different kinds of benign and malignant tumor in poultry,and results in a mortality of approximately 1 to 2 percent,and higher in the cases of co-infection with other diseases.Reticuloendotheliosis(RE)is a syndrome that caused by reticuloendotheliosis virus(REV)of the group of avian retroviruses.REV usually infects chickens,turkeys and ducks in company with other immunosuppressive viruses.The results of the investigation on different breeds of chickens on a national scale indicated that the co-infection of ALV and REV are popular in Guangxi,but so far there have been few reports in waterfowls,such as domestic duck,goose and wild goose.The objections of this paper are to understand the infections status of ALV and REV in waterfowls and to evaluate the potential for transmission of the viruses to chickens in Guangxi.Totally the same number of 184,23,82,60 samples of anal swabs and sera of Longsheng Cui-duck,Wild Goose,Muscovy duck and Cherry Valley duck were collected,and used for the detections of ALV-p27 antigen and antibodies of ALV-J,ALV-A/B and REV respectively by commercial ELISA kits.The co-infection of ALV-J and ALV-A/B were positive in three species of waterfowls except Longsheng Cui-duck and the detection of REV antibody was positive in all the species,while the detection of p27 was all negative in the four species.The highest positives of ALV-A/B,ALV-J and REV antibodies were found in Muscovy duck with 56.10%(46/82),18.29%(15/82)and 74.86%(22/29),respectively.And Longsheng Cui-duck was 33.70%(62/184),0%and 62.00%(57/92).Cherry Valley duck was 26.67%(16/60),8.33%(5/60)and 7.50%(3/40).Wild Goose was 21.74%(5/23),4.35%(1/23)and 47.83%(11/23).The results of the study demonstrated that the waterfowls raised around the chicken farms were infected with REV at considerable high level,the co-infection of ALV-A/B and ALV-J was found in waterfowls except Longsheng Cui-duck and ALV-A/B is the dominant subtype,but no shedding of ALV-p27 was found in all the samples detected.The data of the investigation will provide useful information for further study of infectious status of retroviruses in waterfowls and the evaluation of the potential transmission to chickens.