Study On The Genetic Diversity Of Daxigou Wild Apricot In Huocheng, Yili, Xinjiang

Apricot is one of native trees in China, the center of origin in Xinjiang, which with rich Apricot Germplasm. Xinjiang wild apricot is one of the most important germplasm resources in China. It is considered to be the primary origin of cultivated apricot in the world, and it has played a decisive role in the domestication of cultivated apricot in the world.Daxigou is one of the largest regional of wild fruit species in Huocheng. Study of genetic diversity of wild apricot, provide important scientific basis for the protection and utilization of wild apricot resources. The study on Huocheng County Daxigou wild apricot phenotypic diversity and genetic diversity are discussed,the research findings showed:1.Taked 76 accessions of Daxigou wild apricot resources were doing some investigative in Huocheng.Observing the external morphological characters of floral organ,the differences of floral organs were analyzed, after the standardization of 17 phenotypic characters. Daxigou wild apricot flower organs with abundant morphological diversity, the Shannon-Weiner diversity index was 6.1388~6.2446. The variation coefficient of the morphological characters of floral organs was between 6.87% and 38.05%. Based on the principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The diversity of floral traits was more abundant,style length, height of the ovary, anther size, crown diameter, and the size of the petals, petals shape, calyx tube length and pollen counts were the main factors influencing the Daxigou wild apricot blossom diversity.But flowers organs morphological characters of the cumulative contribution rate was low, is not recommended as the basis of classification of wild apricot alone.2.The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that the 15 morphological characters of branches and leaves of 78 wild apricot trees were divided into 4 groups.The leaf length, leaf width, aspect ratio, petiole, leaf area, etc, the quantitative classification could reflect genetic differences between individuals, wild apricot of Daxigou with rich diversity; principal component analysis selected the main traits of wild apricot classification. Through the cluster analysis, it could clearly reflect the genetic relationship between the selected wild apricot trees.3.The wild apricot fruit traits were observed and determined, calculatedthe average value of each trait, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation, analysis of extreme value, diversity index and principal component and cluster analysis. Results showed:in the analysis of 28 phenotypic characters of 66 wild apricot fruit, the variation coefficient was in the range of 0~55.28%, and the largest of variation coefficient was the painting form,nuclear bonding and fruit shape, while the coefficient of variation in fruit size and seed size of nucleolus was low, wild apricot fruit surface had the fuzz, nucleoli were bitter almond; the diversity index was between 5.7189 to 6.0370, with a wealth of diversity; In phenotypic traits,fruit shape, uniformity, fruit weight, weight of fresh kernel, etc, were differences;the 28 phenotypic characters of 66 wild apricot fruit of degree of variation was larger, the fruit, and the size of the core and nucleoli, were relatively stable, and these can be as wild apricot important basis of evaluation and classification.4.By the ISSR molecular markers, analysis of the 79 wild apricot plant genetic diversity.The selection of 21 primers for PCR amplification of samples, a total of 473 amplified bands, of which 468 bands were polymorphic, percentage of polymorphic bands,was 97.36%. Through the software calculated the effective number of alleles(Ne), Nei's gene diversity index(H) and Shannon information diversity index(I) were 1.5864, 0.3397, 0.5091. On average, primer information diversity index(PIC) was 0.92;the clustering results showed, the genetic similarity coefficient of each sample in 0.61~0.95, the selected plant has a large difference in the molecular level;the genetic diversity of Daxigouof wild apricot was relatively rich.